Author: Kathryn Walton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Food parenting practices influence child and adolescent nutrition. However, existing research has produced equivocal results, likely due to two key limitations: reliance on parent-report and failing to consider the context within which feeding occurs. Parental report data is subject to error and bias, and family functioning may influence how feeding is experienced by the child/adolescent. Further, there is little understanding of how family meal routines are established and why some families eat together while others do not. This thesis includes four papers that aim to address these limitations. Paper one explores cross-sectional associations between family dinner frequency, a structured food parenting practice, and dietary intake (n = 2 728 youth), while exploring whether family functioning moderates or confounds the association. Regardless of level of family functioning, more frequent family dinners were associated with improved diet quality for youth. Paper two explores the role of family functioning in the association between observed mothers' and fathers' food parenting practices and children's nutrition risk (n=73 families with preschoolers). Mothers', but not fathers', food parenting practices were associated with their children's nutrition risk. Family functioning did not moderate or confound these associations. Paper three qualitatively explores how family meal routines are established (n=20 families with preschoolers). Families approach family meals from one of three overarching orientations: meals for togetherness, nutrition messaging, or necessity. These orientations were influenced by parents' early life experiences and major life transitions. Differences in the messages parents share about food and eating and challenges they experience with mealtimes were observed across the orientations. Paper four comments on the future of research exploring food parenting practices. We argue that the current conceptualization of picky eating defines acts of resistance or expressions of preference by a child as deviant behaviour. A reconceptualization of picky eating is presented with suggestions for future research methods to explore food parenting and child eating habits bi-directionally. Findings from this thesis increase our understanding of the impact of food parenting practices on child and adolescent dietary intake and how family meal routines are established. Results will help improve family-based nutrition interventions and pediatric/adolescent nutrition care in Canada.
Author: Jessica S. Gubbels
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039365339
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Childhood is a crucial period for establishing lifelong healthy nutritional habits. The environment has an important influence on children’s dietary intake. This book focuses on the influence of environmental factors on the dietary intake of children and adolescents (0–18 years of age) within various settings including home, early care and education, school, college, holiday clubs, neighborhoods, and supermarkets. The reported studies examine a variety of factors within these settings, including the influence of cooking and parenting, teacher style, resources and barriers within various settings, marketing, and many other factors. The dietary intake behaviors examined include snacking, fruit and vegetable intake, beverage intake, and also nutrition in general. In addition, several papers focus on problems caused by inadequate nutrition, such as hunger and obesity. This work underlines the importance of the environment in influencing children’s and adolescents’ dietary intake. In addition, the papers identified some crucial barriers and facilitators for the implementation of environmental changes to enable a healthy diet for young children. Therefore, it provides some important directions for both future research and practice.
Author: Jonae B. Perez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Child and adolescent diets in the United States are high in fat and sodium and low in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and dairy foods. Parental practices and foods provided in the home greatly influence children's food related behaviors. This impact may change as children progress through adolescence and other factors begin to play a role, such as peers, media, and convenience of food. This study aimed to investigate longitudinal relationships between parenting around food/eating, foods available in the home, and future child diet quality in younger versus older children. The National Impact on Kids (NIK) Study was a prospective cohort study with two time points, baseline and 2-year follow-up. Parental surveys were used to collect data on home food environment and 24-hour food recalls were used to collect child dietary intake. Child diet quality indicators include DASH score, fruit and vegetable intake, and high-energy beverage intake. In this secondary data analysis, participants were dichotomized in to two groups: younger (ages 6-8.99) versus older (ages 9-12.5) at study initiation. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to assess the association between initial parenting around food/eating and foods available in the home and future child diet quality indicators. Participants were 50.7% female and predominantly Non-Hispanic White (70.2%). A significant overall change in DASH scores (p=.053), total fruit and vegetable intake (p=.017), and high-energy beverage consumption (p
Author: Kevin Patrick
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics
ISBN: 9781572850675
Category : Children
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Presents physical activity guidelines and tools emphasizing health promotion, disease prevention, and early recognition of physical activity issues and concerns of infants, children, and adolescents. Designed for use by physicians, nurses, dietitians, and health educators to screen and assess the physical activity levels of infants, children, and adolescents and to provide anticipatory guidance on physical activity to families.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309210283
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
Childhood obesity is a serious health problem that has adverse and long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. The magnitude of the problem has increased dramatically during the last three decades and, despite some indications of a plateau in this growth, the numbers remain stubbornly high. Efforts to prevent childhood obesity to date have focused largely on school-aged children, with relatively little attention to children under age 5. However, there is a growing awareness that efforts to prevent childhood obesity must begin before children ever enter the school system. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies reviews factors related to overweight and obese children from birth to age 5, with a focus on nutrition, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, and recommends policies that can alter children's environments to promote the maintenance of healthy weight. Because the first years of life are important to health and well-being throughout the life span, preventing obesity in infants and young children can contribute to reversing the epidemic of obesity in children and adults. The book recommends that health care providers make parents aware of their child's excess weight early. It also suggests that parents and child care providers keep children active throughout the day, provide them with healthy diets, limit screen time, and ensure children get adequate sleep. In addition to providing comprehensive solutions to tackle the problem of obesity in infants and young children, Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies identifies potential actions that could be taken to implement those recommendations. The recommendations can inform the decisions of state and local child care regulators, child care providers, health care providers, directors of federal and local child care and nutrition programs, and government officials at all levels.
Author: Lori A. Francis
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030564584
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
This book examines the many roles of families in their members’ food access, preferences, and consumption. It provides an overview of factors – from micro- to macro-levels – that have been linked to food insecurity and discusses policy approaches to reducing food insecurity and hunger. In addition, it addresses the links between food insecurity and overweight and obesity. The book describes changes in the U.S. food environment that may explain increases in obesity during recent decades. It explores relationships between parenting practices and the development of eating behaviors in children, highlighting the importance of family mealtimes in healthful eating. The volume provides an overview of efforts to prevent or reduce obesity in children, with attention to minority populations and discusses research findings on targets for obesity prevention, including a focus on fathers as change agents who play a crucial, yet understudied, role in food parenting. The book acknowledges that with the current obesigenic environment in the United States and elsewhere around the world, additional and innovative efforts are needed to foster healthful eating behavior and orientations toward food in childhood and in families. This book is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, clinicians, professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology, family studies, public health as well as numerous interrelated disciplines, including sociology, demography, social work, prevention science, educational policy, political science, and economics.
Author: Mi Jeong Kim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
While parenting style and its relevant dimensions have long been studied in the area of child development, studies on the effects of perceived parenting behaviors on children's/adolescents' nutritional health status have been largely neglected. The present study examined whether perceived parenting style and its dimensions are associated with older children's/young adolescents' health outcomes, including self-concept, eating behaviors, physical activity behaviors, energy and nutrient intake, and body measurements. This study placed a distinct emphasis on gender differences by exploring the effects of maternal and paternal parenting behaviors on male versus female subjects' health outcomes in separate analyses. In addition, this study extended the investigation of the roles family meal behaviors play in an environment in which general parenting behaviors exert their impact on children's/adolescents' health. Sources of insight from nutrition, psychology, and sociology contributed to this holistic examination of children's/adolescents' health. The study subjects included 123 children (9-11 years old) and 106 adolescents (13-15 years old). Data were obtained through survey questionnaires, dietary recall and records, and anthropometry. Various statistical methods were employed in this study, including multiple regression analysis, cluster analysis, factor analysis, and path analysis. Findings of this study confirmed that an authoritative style is more desirable for study subjects' health outcomes, compared with a non-authoritative style. Generally, maternal/paternal nurturing appeared to be desirable, but maternal/paternal control was an undesirable predictor of youth health, while the subjects' age (9-11 versus 13-15 years) and gender played critical roles in the associations. Family meal behaviors appeared to be significant predictors of youth health outcomes. Findings from path analysis suggested that the effects of maternal/paternal nurturing/control on the subjects' health outcomes are mediated by family meal behaviors. Perception that family dinner meals are family rituals turned out to be the most important mediator of the relationship between maternal/paternal nurturing and the subjects' health outcomes. Of interest, lack of food pressure by parents appeared to be detrimental to eating behaviors and essential nutrient intake of study subjects. Finally, this study showed that fathers play positive roles in improving male/female subjects' as well as children's/adolescents' health outcomes, especially their physical activity behaviors and self-concept.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309388570
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Author: Xinyu Zhu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
Background: There are few studies that have examined how parenting practices around eating (PPAE) influence compliance to the dietary treatment of metabolic diseases in youth. Purpose: This randomized clinical trial explored the relationship between PPAE and compliance to a behavioral nutrition intervention program emphasizing the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern to lower blood pressure in adolescents with pre-hypertension or hypertension. Method: Participants were between the ages of 11 to 18 years, had been diagnosed with pre-hypertension or hypertension, and were new patients enrolled in the Hypertension Clinic at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC). The adolescents were randomly assigned to either a 6-month clinic-based nutrition intervention that emphasized the DASH dietary pattern (DASH intervention, n=26) or to standard hospital-based nutrition guidance to lower blood pressure (usual care intervention, n=24). Demographics and PPAE factors were collected at pre-intervention from teens. PPAE factors measured related to adolescent eating included food rules in the home, permissive PPAE, parental modeling of healthy eating, and parental encouragement to eat healthy foods. All factors except food rules were measured with a Likert scale from 1 (high level of disagreement) to 5 (high level of agreement). A 3-day dietary recall collected at pre- and post-intervention were used to measure dietary intake changes, which included changes in compliance to a DASH index score as calculated by Guenther et al. and changes in DASH index component scores for intake of fruits, vegetables, low fat dairy foods and sodium. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between PPAE and adolescent DASH score and component scores adjusted for demographic factors and BMI z-score. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between either group (DASH intervention group or usual care group) for age, gender, race, or BMI z-scores. However, the change in DASH score in the usual care group was significantly greater than in the DASH group (p
Author: Dianna Mary Boone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clinical psychology
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The obesity epidemic among children and adolescents has been growing rapidly over the past 10 years, particularly in Latino children. Multiple researchers have found support for positive associations between parent-child communication and healthy nutrition and exercise behaviors. The present study examined the relations between parent-adolescent communication and parenting style and the dietary and exercise behaviors of Latino adolescents. The study included 79 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 years and their parents (100% are Latino). Correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to determine which parenting style and communication variables are significantly associated with adolescents' dietary and physical activity behaviors. Based on the Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analyses, parent reported 'problems in communication' was the only variable significantly associated with adolescents' fast food intake. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate the value of considering family functioning in childhood obesity research and including the family in childhood obesity interventions.
