Applied Toxicology: Approaches Through Basic Science PDF Download
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Author: Jürg P. Seiler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642606822
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Ultraviolet radiation, a component of sunlight, has been recognized by photobiologists, dermatologists, and oculists as a potential hazard for human health because of its genotoxic, carcinogenic and immunotoxic properties. Its effects on human health include the induction of skin cancers, ocular damage and impairment of immunity to certain infections. A few decennia ago it was demonstrated that UV photons can affect the activity of the immune system through interactions with the skin. This means that UV not only changes normal cells into cancer cells but also permits the outgrowth of the UV -transformed cells by depressing the immune system. An intriguing question is what interactions between UV radiation and the skin initiates alterations in immune function in the exposed skin and systemically, i. e. in other places than the exposed skin. During the last 20 years many studies have been performed in order to investigate the immunosuppressive activities of UVB in laboratory animals and in human volunteers. In particular effects of UVB radiation on resistance to tumours and skin associated infections have been examined. In addition, effects of UVB radiation on immune parameters such as contact hypersensitivity and delayed-type hypersensitivity (both type IV hypersensitivity reactions), mixed lymphocyte reactions, mixed skin lymphocyte reactions, antigen presentation and numbers and function of Langerhans cells have been studied intensively. The antigenicity of murine tumours which are caused by UVB radiation was one of the first items to be investigated (Kripke, 1974).
Author: Jürg P. Seiler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642606822
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Ultraviolet radiation, a component of sunlight, has been recognized by photobiologists, dermatologists, and oculists as a potential hazard for human health because of its genotoxic, carcinogenic and immunotoxic properties. Its effects on human health include the induction of skin cancers, ocular damage and impairment of immunity to certain infections. A few decennia ago it was demonstrated that UV photons can affect the activity of the immune system through interactions with the skin. This means that UV not only changes normal cells into cancer cells but also permits the outgrowth of the UV -transformed cells by depressing the immune system. An intriguing question is what interactions between UV radiation and the skin initiates alterations in immune function in the exposed skin and systemically, i. e. in other places than the exposed skin. During the last 20 years many studies have been performed in order to investigate the immunosuppressive activities of UVB in laboratory animals and in human volunteers. In particular effects of UVB radiation on resistance to tumours and skin associated infections have been examined. In addition, effects of UVB radiation on immune parameters such as contact hypersensitivity and delayed-type hypersensitivity (both type IV hypersensitivity reactions), mixed lymphocyte reactions, mixed skin lymphocyte reactions, antigen presentation and numbers and function of Langerhans cells have been studied intensively. The antigenicity of murine tumours which are caused by UVB radiation was one of the first items to be investigated (Kripke, 1974).
Author: Bryan Ballantyne
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781561592425
Category : Toxicology
Languages : en
Pages : 2199
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Book Description
Author: K. Esser
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642572030
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
With one volume each year, this series keeps scientists and advanced students informed of the latest developments and results in all areas of the plant sciences. The present volume includes reviews on genetics, cell biology, and vegetation science.
Author: D.M. Pugh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401153167
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Many European Union Directives seek to minimize the potential for harm to humans and the environment arising from the use of chemicals. This book takes an interdisciplinary, selective look at the effector mechanisms employed in such directives. It covers the pre-marketing use of toxicology to identify the hazardous properties of chemicals, acknowledging its shortcomings, while contrasting the scientific method with the precautionary principle in developing risk-management practices. The book then goes on to describe the use of bio-indicators, chemical analyses and mathematical modelling for prediction, or to determine the adequacy of chemical safety legislation. The environmental risk assessment of priority chemicals is described and the impact of pesticides on sustainability in agriculture is discussed from the differing standpoints of agronomy and economics. Audience: All professionals concerned with the safe management of chemicals and their use, including teachers, practitioners, policy makers or legislators.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental health
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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Book Description
Author: A. Wallace Hayes
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000875776
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 2143
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Book Description
Hayes’ Principles and Methods of Toxicology has long been established as a reliable and informative reference for the concepts, methodologies, and assessments integral to toxicology. The new edition contains updated and new chapters with the addition of new authors while maintaining the same high standards that have made this book a benchmark resource in the field. Key Features: The comprehensive yet concise coverage of various aspects of fundamental and applied toxicology makes this book a valuable resource for educators, students, and professionals. Questions provided at the end of each chapter allow readers to test their knowledge and understanding of the material covered. All chapters have been updated and over 60 new authors have been added to reflect the dynamic nature of toxicological sciences New topics in this edition include Safety Assessment of Cosmetics and Personal Care Products, The Importance of the Dose/Rate Response, Novel Approaches and Alternative Models, Epigenetic Toxicology, and an Expanded Glossary. The volume is divided into 4 major sections, addressing fundamental principles of toxicology (Section I. "Principles of Toxicology"), major classes of established chemical hazards (Section II. "Agents"), current methods used for the assessment of various endpoints indicative of chemical toxicity (Section III. "Methods"), as well as toxicology of specific target systems and organs (Section IV. "Organ- and System-Specific Toxicology"). This volume will be a valuable tool for the audience that wishes to broaden their understanding of hazards and mechanisms of toxicity and to stay on top of the emerging methods and concepts of the rapidly advancing field of toxicology and risk assessment.
Author: DR. MUNEESH KUMAR
Publisher: DARSHAN PUBLISHERS
ISBN: 9386739089
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This book is an introduction to applied toxicology and is designed primarily for Post graduate students and Research scholars. Now days the whole world is facing a pandemic of the most dreaded human disease caused by toxicants. Therefore study of applied toxicology serves society in many ways, not only to protect humans and the environment from the deleterious effects of toxicants but also to facilitate the development of more selective toxicants such as anticancer and other clinical drugs and pesticides. In chapters covering rapidly expanding matter, the usually required material has been presented in a fairly concise form, and then details on special aspects have been given in the form of addenda. It is hoped that this approach will meet the needs of Post graduate students, Research scholars and provide sources for more advanced study. Efforts have been made to include the latest available information in some chapters to make the book upto-date. The constructive suggestion from the conscious readers is always cordially invited for further improvement of the book. The study of toxic action from the use of biochemical and molecular techniques can be expected. No doubt new techniques will be developed, answers will be found to many questions that did not yield to earlier techniques and new questions will be raised. The challenge, as always, will be to integrate the results from these studies and reach new levels of sophistication into useful and productive approaches to reduce chemical effects on human health and the environment.
Author: Victor Kuete
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128004754
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 742
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Book Description
Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants provides a detailed overview of toxicological studies relating to traditionally used medicinal plants in Africa, with special emphasis on the methodologies and tools used for data collection and interpretation. The book considers the physical parameters of these plants and their effect upon various areas of the body and human health, including chapters dedicated to genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and specific organs and systems.Following this discussion of the effects of medicinal plants is a critical review of the guidelines and methods in use for toxicological research as well as the state of toxicology studies in Africa. With up-to-date research provided by a team of experts, Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants is an invaluable resource for researchers and students involved in pharmacology, toxicology, phytochemistry, medicine, pharmacognosy, and pharmaceutical biology. - Offers a critical review of the methods used in toxicological survey of medicinal plants - Provides up-to-date toxicological data on African medicinal plants and families - Serves as a resource tool for students and scientists in the various areas of toxicology
Author: A. Wallace Hayes
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1842145363
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 2186
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Book Description
Hayes’ Principles and Methods of Toxicology has long been established as a reliable reference to the concepts, methodologies, and assessments integral to toxicology. The new sixth edition has been revised and updated while maintaining the same high standards that have made this volume a benchmark resource in the field. With new authors and new chapters that address the advances and developments since the fifth edition, the book presents everything toxicologists and students need to know to understand hazards and mechanisms of toxicity, enabling them to better assess risk. The book begins with the four basic principles of toxicology—dose matters, people differ, everything transforms, and timing is crucial. The contributors discuss various agents of toxicity, including foodborne, solvents, crop protection chemicals, radiation, and plant and animal toxins. They examine various methods for defining and measuring toxicity in a host of areas, including genetics, carcinogenicity, toxicity in major body systems, and the environment. This new edition contains an expanded glossary reflecting significant changes in the field. New topics in this edition include: The importance of dose–response Systems toxicology Food safety The humane use and care of animals Neurotoxicology The comprehensive coverage and clear writing style make this volume an invaluable text for students and a one-stop reference for professionals.
Author: Bhaskar Mazumder
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351111868
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 455
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Book Description
Today we find the applications of nanotechnology in all spheres of life. Nanotechnology: Therapeutic, Nutraceutical and Cosmetic Advances discusses recent advances in the field, particularly with therapeutics, nutraceuticals and cosmetic sciences. Therapeutics is an area which has perhaps benefitted the most, although nanoscience and technology have quietly entered the realms of food science and are playing pivotal roles in the efficient utilization of nutraceuticals. Finally, even before therapeutics came cosmetics and companies started marketing unique products embedding the beneficial and advanced properties enabled by the use of nanostructures. This book highlights trends and applications of this wonderful new technology.
