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Author: James W. Smoots
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
Author: James W. Smoots
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
The Antarctic Region has received little attention from either national or military leaders since the late 1950's. The reason is that the Antarctic Treaty, signed in 1961, has been able to provide a means for continued stability and security in the region. It has been a treaty whose success has been made possible by a rare consensus of the national interests of nations involved in the region. This consensus, however, is coming under more and more pressure as nations reassess their interests in light of the effective end of the Cold War. Emerging nations are becoming more assertive and better able to contend for what they see as their share of the world's resources. The future disposition of the Antarctic with its unresolved sovereignty and its resource potential will eventually become a contentious issue. Conflict in this region over sovereignty or regional influence would threaten U.S. national security interests and could require a military response. The employment of military force in the Antarctic would, however, be extremely difficult due to the number of severe operational constraints inherent to the region. Military planners, especially at the CINC level, need to be aware of these constraints and develop contingency plans that focus directly on operations in this region.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Author: Alan D. Hemmings
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136324755
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
The Antarctic Treaty (1959) was adopted for the purpose of bringing peace and stability to Antarctica and to facilitate cooperation in scientific research conducted on and around the continent. It has now been over fifty years since the signing of the treaty, nevertheless security continues to drive and shape the laws and policy regime which governs the region. Antarctic Security in the Twenty-First Century: Legal and Policy Perspectives assess Antarctic security from multiple legal and policy perspectives. This book reviews the existing security construct in Antarctica, critically assesses its status in the early part of the Twenty-First century and considers how Antarctic security may be viewed in both the immediate and distant future. The book assesses emerging new security threats, including the impact of climate change and the issues arising from increased human traffic to Antarctica by scientists, tourists, and mariners. The authors call into question whether the existing Antarctic security construct framed around the Antarctic Treaty remains viable, or whether new Antarctic paradigms are necessary for the future governance of the region. The contributions to this volume engage with a security discourse which has expanded beyond the traditional military domain to include notions of security from the perspective of economics, the environment and bio-security. This book provides a contemporary and innovative approach to Antarctic issues which will be of interest to scholars of international law, international relations, security studies and political science as well as policy makers, lawyers and government officials with an interest in the region.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309049474
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Book Description
With the negotiation of the International Protocol on Environmental Protection in 1991, those nations conducting scientific research programs in Antarctica face new challenges for stewardship of the southern continent and protection of its environment. Science and Stewardship in the Antarctic examines how the implementation of the 1991 agreement in the United States can be done in such a way to ensure the compatibility of scientific and environmental protection goals in this global laboratory. The book also addresses the potential for the new requirements both to benefit and harm research activities in Antarctica.
Author: Tina Tin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400765827
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 363
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Book Description
At the beginning of the 21st century, Antarctica is poised at the edge of a warmer and busier world. Leading Antarctic researchers examine the needs and challenges of Antarctic environmental management today and tomorrow. Through: (i) investigating the impacts of human activities on specific ecosystems and species, (ii) examining existing environmental management and monitoring practices in place in various regions and (iii) interrogating stakeholders, they address the following questions: What future will Business-As-Usual bring to the Antarctic environment? Will a Business-As-Usual future be compatible with the objectives set out under the Antarctic Treaty, especially its Protocol on Environmental Protection? What actions are necessary to bring about alternative futures for the next 50 years? This volume is an outcome of the International Polar Year (2007-2009) Oslo Science Conference (8-12, June, 2010).
Author: Gillian Doreen Triggs
Publisher: British Institute for International & Comparative Law
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
Since its inception almost 50 years ago, the Antarctic Treaty System has evolved to provide a stable and remarkably effective regime for management of the coldest, driest, and windiest continent on earth. New challenges to this legal regime are now posed by contemporary problems such as climate change, tourism, fishing, and whaling in the Southern Ocean. From State Parties to the web of treaties that make up the Antarctic system of governance, the 21st century brings new demands for environmental protection while ensuring reasonable access for scientists and tourists alike. The papers in this collection were presented at a conference organized by the British Institute of International and Comparative Law and the UK's Foreign and Commonwealth Office to coincide with the Twenty-Ninth meeting of the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties held in Edinburgh in June 2006. The authors, experienced Antarctic 'watchers, ' discuss their views on: illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing; vessel-based pollution; navigation through ice-covered waters; Antarctic Treaty Secretariat; liability of operators and their States for environmental damage; and tourism. Included with these scholarly papers are all the international agreements that make up the Antarctic Treaty System along with the measures, decisions, and resolutions of the Twenty-Ninth Consultative Party Meeting and the Edinburgh Declaration supporting the scientific research of the forthcoming International Polar Year starting in March 2007
Author: Anne-Marie Brady
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 041553139X
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
This book examines the post-Cold War challenges facing Antarctic governance. It seeks to understand the interests of new players in Antarctic affairs such as China, India, Korea and Malaysia, and how other key players such as Russia and the USA or claimant states such as New Zealand or France are coping in the new global order. Antarctica is the world's fifth largest continent and its territories are claimed by seven different states. Since 1961 Antarctica has been managed under the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS), a regime which, according to its critics, by the terms of its membership effectively excludes most of the nations of the world. This book examines the post-Cold War challenges facing Antarctic governance, and is organized thematically into three sections: Part 1considers the role of Antarctic politics in the current post-Cold War, post-colonial era and the impact this new political environment is having on the ATS. Part 2looks at the competing foreign policy objectives of a representative range of countries with Antarctic activities. Part 3examines issues that have the potential to destabilise the order of the Antarctic Treaty System, such as unrestricted tourism and new advances in science and technology. The Emerging Politics of Antarcticawill be of interest to students and scholars of international politics, polar studies and foreign policy studies.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Author: Elizabeth Leane
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429770758
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
Anthropocene Antarctica offers new ways of thinking about the ‘Continent for Science and Peace’ in a time of planetary environmental change. In the Anthropocene, Antarctica has become central to the Earth’s future. Ice cores taken from its interior reveal the deep environmental history of the planet and warming ocean currents are ominously destabilising the glaciers around its edges, presaging sea-level rise in decades and centuries to come. At the same time, proliferating research stations and tourist numbers challenge stereotypes of the continent as the ‘last wilderness.’ The Anthropocene brings Antarctica nearer in thought, entangled with our everyday actions. If the Anthropocene signals the end of the idea of Nature as separate from humans, then the Antarctic, long considered the material embodiment of this idea, faces a radical reframing. Understanding the southern polar region in the twenty-first century requires contributions across the disciplinary spectrum. This collection paves the way for researchers in the Environmental Humanities, Law and Social Sciences to engage critically with the Antarctic, fostering a community of scholars who can act with natural scientists to address the globally significant environmental issues that face this vitally important part of the planet.
