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Author: Katherine C. Epstein
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022683123X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 387
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Book Description
A gripping history that spans law, international affairs, and top-secret technology to unmask the tension between intellectual property rights and national security. At the beginning of the twentieth century, two British inventors, Arthur Pollen and Harold Isherwood, became fascinated by a major military question: how to aim the big guns of battleships. These warships—of enormous geopolitical import before the advent of intercontinental missiles or drones—had to shoot in poor light and choppy seas at distant moving targets, conditions that impeded accurate gunfire. Seeing the need to account for a plethora of variables, Pollen and Isherwood built an integrated system for gathering data, calculating predictions, and transmitting the results to the gunners. At the heart of their invention was the most advanced analog computer of the day, a technological breakthrough that anticipated the famous Norden bombsight of World War II, the inertial guidance systems of nuclear missiles, and the networked “smart” systems that dominate combat today. Recognizing the value of Pollen and Isherwood’s invention, the British Royal Navy and the United States Navy pirated it, one after the other. When the inventors sued, both the British and US governments invoked secrecy, citing national security concerns. Drawing on a wealth of archival evidence, Analog Superpowers analyzes these and related legal battles over naval technology, exploring how national defense tested the two countries’ commitment to individual rights and the free market. Katherine C. Epstein deftly sets out Pollen’s and Isherwood’s pioneering achievements, the patent questions raised, the geopolitical rivalry between Britain and the United States, and the legal precedents each country developed to control military tools built by private contractors. Epstein’s account reveals that long before the US national security state sought to restrict information about atomic energy, it was already embroiled in another contest between innovation and secrecy. The America portrayed in this sweeping and accessible history isn’t yet a global hegemon but a rising superpower ready to acquire foreign technology by fair means or foul—much as it accuses China of doing today.
Author: Katherine C. Epstein
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022683123X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 387
Get Book Here
Book Description
A gripping history that spans law, international affairs, and top-secret technology to unmask the tension between intellectual property rights and national security. At the beginning of the twentieth century, two British inventors, Arthur Pollen and Harold Isherwood, became fascinated by a major military question: how to aim the big guns of battleships. These warships—of enormous geopolitical import before the advent of intercontinental missiles or drones—had to shoot in poor light and choppy seas at distant moving targets, conditions that impeded accurate gunfire. Seeing the need to account for a plethora of variables, Pollen and Isherwood built an integrated system for gathering data, calculating predictions, and transmitting the results to the gunners. At the heart of their invention was the most advanced analog computer of the day, a technological breakthrough that anticipated the famous Norden bombsight of World War II, the inertial guidance systems of nuclear missiles, and the networked “smart” systems that dominate combat today. Recognizing the value of Pollen and Isherwood’s invention, the British Royal Navy and the United States Navy pirated it, one after the other. When the inventors sued, both the British and US governments invoked secrecy, citing national security concerns. Drawing on a wealth of archival evidence, Analog Superpowers analyzes these and related legal battles over naval technology, exploring how national defense tested the two countries’ commitment to individual rights and the free market. Katherine C. Epstein deftly sets out Pollen’s and Isherwood’s pioneering achievements, the patent questions raised, the geopolitical rivalry between Britain and the United States, and the legal precedents each country developed to control military tools built by private contractors. Epstein’s account reveals that long before the US national security state sought to restrict information about atomic energy, it was already embroiled in another contest between innovation and secrecy. The America portrayed in this sweeping and accessible history isn’t yet a global hegemon but a rising superpower ready to acquire foreign technology by fair means or foul—much as it accuses China of doing today.
Author: Katherine C. Epstein
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780226831220
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"The technology at the center of this book marks a milestone in computing history. Until the late nineteenth century, naval gun crews aimed and fired at virtually point-blank ranges, but as warship speeds and battle ranges grew, it became necessary to predict where the target would be when a projectile landed. Two British civilian inventors, Arthur Pollen and Harold Isherwood, insisted that the only way to predict with sufficient speed and accuracy to enable hits in battle was to incorporate all the relevant variables into mathematical equations and to develop instruments for solving them instantaneously and continuously. This insight led them to build an integrated, gyro-stabilized system for gathering data, calculating predictions, and transmitting the results to the gunners. At the heart of their system was the most advanced analog computer of the day. In addition to being a landmark technological achievement, Pollen and Isherwood's invention also took on legal significance. Its value was so evident that first Britain's Royal Navy and then the US Navy paid them the compliment of pirating it. The inventors' attempts to gain compensation in the courts had rippling effects on how the two leading liberal societies of the modern era struggled to reconcile their ideological commitment to private property rights with the perceived imperatives of national security. Their story shows that the modern American national-security state and secrecy regime, which are often associated with atomic energy during the mid-twentieth century, had longer, trans-Atlantic roots. It also shows that the United States, in its rise to global hegemony, relied heavily on the acquisition of British technology by fair means or foul-much as Americans accuse China of doing to the United States today"--
Author: Thomas Parke Hughes
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 9780801846144
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Book Description
Awarded the Dexter Prize by the Society for the History of Technology, this book offers a comparative history of the evolution of modern electric power systems. It described large-scale technological change and demonstrates that technology cannot be understood unless placed in a cultural context.
Author: Thomas R. Ray
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1136031782
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
Take the mystery out of the conversion to HD Radio transmission with this hands-on approach to implementation. HD Radio Implementation will take this new subject and make it familiar. With details and descriptions of what HD Radio is, what changes are necessary and unnecessary in the studio, STL path and audio chain, it takes this new technology and makes it friendly so you can successfully convert your station. After reading this book, you will come away with an understanding of how to implement HD Radio for your facility with a minimum of hassles. It is intended to be read and understood by the station Engineer, but the General Manager, Program Director and Operations Director will be able to understand the nature of HD Radio and how it will affect their facility.
Author: Paul R. Viotti
Publisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 0231541945
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 421
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Book Description
Kenneth Waltz (1924–2013) is perhaps the most enduringly influential figure in international relations theory of the second half of the twentieth century. He is considered the father of the structural-realist or neorealist school, and his views on core questions, such as the causes of war and the structure of the international system, are foundational to the field today and likely will remain so for decades to come. Waltz’s writings on both theoretical and policy-related topics, from the balance of power to the spread of nuclear weapons, continue to fuel debate. This book is a groundbreaking intellectual biography of Kenneth Waltz, shedding new light on the development and significance of his key contributions. Paul R. Viotti draws on extensive, candid interviews with Waltz as well as Waltz’s personal files and archival research to provide a nuanced account of the great scholar’s life and thought. He traces the intellectual sources and personal experiences that shaped Waltz’s work, including an intense Lutheran upbringing; service in World War II and the Korean War; and the academic environments of Oberlin College, Columbia University, and the University of California, Berkeley. Viotti examines the key influences on Waltz’s major works, Man, the State, and War and Theory of International Politics, and analyzes their distinctive insights. Engaging with the views of Waltz’s critics and featuring reminiscences from his colleagues, this book is a compelling portrait of an intellectual titan.
Author: Kristen Swanson
Publisher: Corwin Press
ISBN: 148332057X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
Turn students into learning superheroes! Like we see in the movies, no two superheroes learn to use their powers in the exact same way. Each of your students has superpowers hidden inside, and you hold the keys to unlock them. With this cutting-edge handbook, you’ll turn your classroom into a place where students don’t just receive an education—they use their powers to create it. Discover specific, ready-to-use instructional journeys designed to foster an inquiry-based, student-driven learning environment. Each research-based journey Supports one of the six student superpowers: Wondering, Curating, Designing, Digital Inking, Gaming, and Connecting Encourages students to think deeply; as required by the CCSS and NGSS Includes step-by-step lesson frameworks, aligned with the Common Core, that fit into your regular day Tear through the obstacles of achievement and show your students that anything is possible! "Ferguson and Swanson explain why tapping into student competencies is imperative and show the road-map for matching engaging activities to specific standards. So many books on the market explain why a shift is needed; this one gives you the tools to do it." —Erin Klein, Teacher Michigan Reading Association, Bloomfield Hills "Unleashing Student Superpowers is an amazing resource for the creation and enhancement of student-centered classroom environments that focus on high-level questioning, inquiry, and passion-based learning. Each Superpower theme provides linkages to the Common Core and flexible lesson plans that promote relevant skills for students’ learning." —Victoria Olson, Teacher West Langley Elementary School, Canada
Author: M. Keith Booker
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
ISBN: 0803232896
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
Supernatural and superhuman elements have been prominent in American culture from the time of the New England Puritans’ intense emphasis on religion. Superpower surveys the appearance of supernatural and superhuman elements in American culture, focusing on the American fascination with narratives involving supernatural adventure, superhuman heroes, and vast conspiracies driven by supernatural evil. In particular, M. Keith Booker suggests that the popularity of such themes indicates a deep-seated dissatisfaction with the rationalized world of contemporary American society. Booker details the development of the national myths underlying the characters of Superman, Batman, and Spiderman; television hits from Star Trek to Lost; and the franchises of Pirates of the Caribbean and The Lord of the Rings. This culture-spanning investigation begins with a historical survey of supernatural and superhuman themes in American culture and concludes with the recent upsurge that began in the 1990s. It then turns to various works of recent popular culture with supernatural and superhuman themes such as Twin Peaks, The X-Files, and Buffy the Vampire Slayer, organized according to the desires to which these works respond. What do these fantasies reveal about what it means to be American today—and what we want it to mean?
Author: David Sinclair
Publisher: Magus Books
ISBN:
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
Did alien astronauts visit the ancient earth or were the real "aliens" the ancient humans themselves? People today imagine that ancient humans were just like us, but at a more primitive stage of development. In fact, ancient humans were nothing like us. They had incredible abilities - superpowers - that we have now lost. We discarded them in the course of becoming modern, conscious humans, but these superpowers still lie latent in all of us, and can be recovered in the right circumstances. The ancient humans were the Prometheans, bridging the gap to the gods, and supremely well-versed in carrying the divine fire. They knew the secrets of the gods. Isn't it time to regain all of their lost knowledge and power?
Author: Jayashankar M. Swaminathan
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812814655
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
India is an emerging economy that intersects the supply chain of many companies and industries. This is the first book that allows you to learn about the state of the art of supply chain practices, innovative approaches, and the future outlook for India and its neighbors. The content is exceedingly rich and interesting, and will be highly valuable to academics and practitioners.
Author: Yang Xu
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811911819
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 691
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Book Description
This book is a compilation of selected papers from the Sixth International Symposium on Software Reliability, Industrial Safety, Cyber Security and Physical Protection of Nuclear Power Plant, held in October 2021 in Zhuji, Zhejiang, China. The purpose of this symposium is to discuss Inspection, test, certification and research for the software and hardware of Instrument and Control (I&C) systems in nuclear power plants (NPP), such as sensors, actuators and control system. It aims to provide a platform of technical exchange and experience sharing for those broad masses of experts and scholars and nuclear power practitioners, and for the combination of production, teaching and research in universities and enterprises to promote the safe development of nuclear power plant. Readers will find a wealth of valuable insights into achieving safer and more efficient instrumentation and control systems.
