An evaluation of rearing density in relation to post-release smolt survival and adult returns of spring chinook salmon at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery in Idaho PDF Download
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Author: Ray N. Jones
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Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Ray N. Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 73
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In 2006, we continued a multi-year study to compare smolt-to-adult return rate (SAR) ratios between two groups of Snake River Basin fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha that reached the sea through a combination of either (1) transportation and inriver migration or (2) bypass and inriver migration. We captured natural subyearlings rearing along the Snake and Clearwater rivers and implanted them with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags, but knew in advance that sample sizes of natural fish would not be large enough for precise comparisons of SAR ratios. To increase sample sizes, we also cultured Lyons Ferry Hatchery subyearlings under a surrogate rearing strategy, implanted them with PIT tags, and released them into the Snake and Clearwater rivers to migrate seaward. The surrogate rearing strategy involved slowing growth at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery to match natural subyearlings in size at release as closely as possible, while insuring that all of the surrogate subyearlings were large enough for tagging (i.e., 60-mm fork length). Surrogate subyearlings were released from late May to early July 2006 to coincide with the historical period of peak beach seine catch of natural parr in the Snake and Clearwater rivers. We also PIT tagged a large representative sample of hatchery subyearlings reared under a production rearing strategy and released them into the Snake and Clearwater rivers in 2006 as part of new research on dam passage experiences (i.e., transported from a dam, dam passage via bypass, dam passage via turbine intakes or spillways). The production rearing strategy involved accelerating growth at Lyons Ferry Hatchery, sometimes followed by a few weeks of acclimation at sites along the Snake and Clearwater rivers before release from May to June. Releasing production subyearlings has been suggested as a possible alternative for making inferences on the natural population if surrogate fish were not available. Smoltto-adult return rates are not reported here, but will be presented in future reports written after workshops and input by federal, state, and tribal researchers. In this report, we compared the postrelease performance of natural subyearlings to the postrelease performance of surrogate and production subyearlings. We made this comparison to help the fisheries community determine which of the two hatchery rearing strategies produced fish that were more similar to natural subyearlings. We compared the following attributes of postrelease performance (1) detection dates at dams, (2) detections during the implementation of summer spill, (3) travel times, (4) migrant sizes, and (5) the joint probability of migration and survival. Overall, we found that postrelease performance was more similar between natural and surrogate subyearlings than between natural and production subyearlings. Further, the similarity between natural and surrogate subyearlings was greater in 2006 than in 2005, partly as the result of changes in incubation and early rearing practices we recommended based on 2005 results.
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Languages : en
Pages : 73
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The study described in this report evaluated spawning distribution, overlap with naturally-arriving spawners, and pre-spawning mortality of spring chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, outplanted as adults in the Clearwater River Subbasin in 2001. Returns of spring chinook salmon to Snake River Basin hatcheries and acclimation facilities in 2001 exceeded needs for hatchery production goals in Idaho. Consequently, management agencies including the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) and Nez Perce Tribe (NPT) agreed to outplant chinook salmon adults as an adaptive management strategy for using hatchery adults. Adult outplants were made in streams or stream sections that have been typically underseeded with spawners. This strategy anticipated that outplanted hatchery chinook salmon would spawn successfully near the areas where they were planted, and would increase natural production. Outplanting of adult spring chinook salmon from hatcheries is likely to be proposed in years when run sizes are similar to those of the 2001 run. Careful monitoring of results from this year's outplanting can be used to guide decisions and methods for future adult outplanting. Numbers of spring chinook salmon outplanted was based on hatchery run size, hatchery needs, and available spawning habitat. Hatcheries involved in outplanting in the Clearwater Basin included Dworshak National Fish Hatchery, Kooskia National Fish Hatchery, Clearwater Anadromous Fish Hatchery, and Rapid River Fish Hatchery. The NPT, IDFG, FWS, and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) agreed upon outplant locations and a range of numbers of spring chinook salmon to be outplanted (Table 1). Outplanting occurred mainly in the Selway River Subbasin, but additional outplants were made in tributaries to the South Fork Clearwater River and the Lochsa River (Table 1). Actual outplanting activities were carried out primarily by the NPT with supplemental outplanting done in the Lochsa basin by IDFG. Fish were trucked from the hatcheries to outplant sites.
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Languages : en
Pages : 115
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The physiological development and physiological condition of spring chinook salmon are being studied at several hatcheries in the Columbia River Basin. The purpose of the study is to determine whether any or several smolt indices can be related to adult recovery and be used to improve hatchery effectiveness. The tests conducted in 1989 on juvenile chinook salmon at Dworshak, Leavenworth, and Warm Springs National Fish Hatcheries, and the Oregon State Willamette Hatchery assessed saltwater tolerance, gill ATPase, cortisol, insulin, thyroid hormones, secondary stress, fish morphology, metabolic energy stores, immune response, blood cell numbers, and plasma ion concentrations. The study showed that smolt development may have occurred before the fish were released from the Willamette Hatchery, but not from the Dworshak, Leavenworth, or Warm Springs Hatcheries. These results will be compared to adult recovery data when they become available, to determine which smolt quality indices may be used to predict adult recovery. The relative rankings of smolt quality at the different hatcheries do not necessarily reflect the competency of the hatchery managers and staff, who have shown a high degree of professionalism and expertise in fish rearing. We believe that the differences in smolt quality are due to the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. One aim of this research is to identify factors that influence smolt development and that may be controlled through fish husbandry to regulate smolt development. 35 refs., 27 figs., 5 tabs.
Author: Charles O. Junge
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Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Author:
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Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Author: Heather R. Bartlett
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Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Author: Peter F. Galbreath (Fisheries biologist)
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ISBN:
Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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High feeding and growth, relative to wild fish, can induce substantial proportions of hatchery reared male spring Chinook Salmon juveniles to mature precociously as age-2 minijacks. Released as smolts, these fish do not migrate to the ocean for rearing, and thus do not reach the adult age and size at which they can contribute to harvest mitigation fisheries and natural population supplementation. Initiation of maturation is thought to occur during a critical time period approximately one year prior to spawning. We performed a study with broodyear 2018 juveniles involving total feed deprivation over two different time periods (Early - August 8 through September 11, 2019; and Late - September 11 through October 24, 2019), to determine whether the rate of precocious maturation of the hatchery reared juveniles could be significantly reduced, while also allowing time post-treatment for the fish to achieve an adequate final smolt size through compensatory growth. At termination of the study in July 2020, the probabilities of precocious maturation of male smolts as minijacks in the Early and Late treatment tanks, as determined by logistic regression analyses, averaged 24.7% and 24.2%, respectively, which were significantly lower than the 38.1% rate for continuously fed fish in the Control tanks. Because the fish had to be pooled from their replicate tanks into a single subdivided concrete raceway for overwintering, fish from each tank were stocked into a particular section of the raceway after receiving an identifying adipose and/or pelvic fin clip combination. Unfortunately, there was some level of misidentification of fish to their original rearing tank, due primarily to regrowth of clipped pelvic fins. Errors in identification were such that the actual reduction in minijack rate was likely even larger, in particular for the Early treatment fish, for which the actual minijack rate was likely closer to 20%. In both May and July 2020, the treatment fish were similar in size to Control fish. Further study of the effects of timing and duration of the food deprivation period on precocious maturation rate and growth is recommended in order to develop a protocol for hatchery rearing of spring Chinook Salmon smolts for consideration by regional fisheries and hatchery managers.
Author: Donald R. Anderson
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Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Author: Evan M. Parrish
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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