Author: Ximena B. Arriaga
Publisher: SAGE Publications, Incorporated
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Problems in community life are among the most distressing and troublesome aspects of our modern society, yet psychology as a field has given them relatively little attention. The great bulk of psychological practice and research is directed at individual psychological problems and the difficulties in dyadic relationships. However, community problems arguably are broader and more important because to a large degree they affect us allùyoung and old, rich and poor, male and female, and majority and minority group members. In this new volume from the Claremont Symposium on Applied Social Psychology, contributors examine one or more pressing community problemsùhomelessness, racism, delinquency, alcoholism, violence, unemployment, workplace healthùfrom a social psychological perspective as well as a clinical one. The contributorsùall leaders in their fieldsùthen present the results of their empirical research. An ideal supplement for courses in community psychology, Addressing Community Problems is ideal for academics and students in the fields of social psychology, clinical and counseling psychology, social work, gender studies, sociology, and public health.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crime prevention
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: J. Robert Flores
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437929265
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
Provides guidance for communities that are considering how best to address a youth gang problem that already exists or threatens to become a reality. The guidance is based on the Model developed through the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). This Report describes the research that produced the Model, notes essential findings from evaluations of several programs demonstrating the Model in a variety of environments, and outlines ¿best practices¿ obtained from practitioners with years of experience in planning, implementing, and overseeing the Model in their communities. Includes specific practices that work best in a step-by-step planning and implementation process for communities using the Model. Illus.
Author: Ronald F. Ferguson
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 9780815719816
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 650
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Book Description
In recent years, concerned governments, businesses, and civic groups have launched ambitious programs of community development designed to halt, and even reverse, decades of urban decline. But while massive amounts of effort and money are being dedicated to improving the inner-cities, two important questions have gone unanswered: Can community development actually help solve long-standing urban problems? And, based on social science analyses, what kinds of initiatives can make a difference? This book surveys what we currently know and what we need to know about community development's past, current, and potential contributions. The authors--economists, sociologists, political scientists, and a historian--define community development broadly to include all capacity building (including social, intellectual, physical, financial, and political assets) aimed at improving the quality of life in low- to moderate-income neighborhoods. The book addresses the history of urban development strategies, the politics of resource allocation, business and workforce development, housing, community development corporations, informal social organizations, schooling, and public security.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309467136
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
Author: Kerry J. Strand
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 078797126X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
Community-Based Research and Higher Education is the long-awaited guide to how to incorporate a powerful and promising new form of scholarship into academic settings. The book presents a model of community-based research (CBR) that engages community members with students and faculty in the course of their academic work. Unlike traditional academic research, CBR is collaborative and change-oriented and finds its research questions in the needs of communities. This dynamic research model combines classroom learning with social action in ways that can ultimately empower community groups to address their own agendas and shape their own futures. At the same time it emphasizes the development of knowledge and skills that truly prepare students for active civic engagement.
Author: Michael Jacoby Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Using stories and exercises from grassroots organizing experience ... [this book] walks you through the steps of starting a new group or strengthening an old one - to build a better world.-Back cover.
Author: Beth Simone Noveck
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 030023015X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 449
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Book Description
How to take advantage of technology, data, and the collective wisdom in our communities to design powerful solutions to contemporary problems The challenges societies face today, from inequality to climate change to systemic racism, cannot be solved with yesterday's toolkit. Solving Public Problems shows how readers can take advantage of digital technology, data, and the collective wisdom of our communities to design and deliver powerful solutions to contemporary problems. Offering a radical rethinking of the role of the public servant and the skills of the public workforce, this book is about the vast gap between failing public institutions and the huge number of public entrepreneurs doing extraordinary things--and how to close that gap. Drawing on lessons learned from decades of advising global leaders and from original interviews and surveys of thousands of public problem solvers, Beth Simone Noveck provides a practical guide for public servants, community leaders, students, and activists to become more effective, equitable, and inclusive leaders and repair our troubled, twenty-first-century world.
Author: Meredith Minkler
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 9780813534749
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
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