Author: KAREN. BUSBY
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780779892297
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Chris Reed
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1509976817
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 243

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Book Description
This book proposes a regulatory system for ensuring that AI makes fair decisions. No one wants to be the subject of an unfair decision made by an AI, and fairness is so important to society that we are likely to want to regulate to demand it. But how? This book attempts to answer that question. The aim of regulation must be for an AI's decisions to match the human conception of fairness. To understand what that is, the book proposes a holistic understanding of fairness, which tells us what regulation must try to achieve. However, regulation is not an abstract activity – it regulates how humans behave, and the humans in question are those who develop and use AI for decision-making. Thus the book investigates how those humans are attempting to achieve AI fairness. It finds that there is a serious mismatch between how technologists conceptualise fairness, compared to other humans. How can AI regulation bridge this gap? Traditional models of regulation cannot solve this problem. Fairness is too nuanced, too contextual, and is ultimately a human emotional response. Instead the book proposes to place the responsibility on the AI community to explain and justify their efforts to achieve fairness, basing regulatory and legal responses on how well that explanation deals with the risks that particular AI presents, and whether the AI operates in accordance with the explanation in use. The book concludes by examining how far this regulatory model might be useful for some of the other social problems which AI generates. An original and significant contribution to the literature on AI regulation, this book is a must-read for those working in the areas of law, regulation, and technology.

Author: Nicholas Rescher
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351324918
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 151

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Book Description
In theory and practice, the notion of fairness is far from simple. The principle is often elusive and subject to confusion, even in institutions of law, usage, and custom. In Fairness, Nicholas Rescher aims to liberate this concept from misunderstandings by showing how its definitive characteristics prevent it from being absorbed by such related conceptions as paternalistic benevolence, radical egalitarianism, and social harmonization. Rescher demonstrates that equality before the state is an instrument of justice, not of social utility or public welfare, and argues that the notion of fairness stops well short of a literal egalitarianism. Rescher disposes of the confusions arising from economists' penchant to focus on individual preferences, from decision theorists' concern for averting envy, and from political theorists' sympathy for egalitarianism. In their place he shows how the idea of distributive equity forms the core of the concept of fairness in matters of distributive justice. The coordination of shares with valid claims is the crux of the concept of fairness. In Rescher's view, this means that the pursuit of fairness requires objective rather than subjective evaluation of the goods being shared. This is something quite different from subjective equity based on the personal evaluation of goods by those laying claim to them. Insofar as subjective equity is a concern, the appropriate procedure for its realization is a process of maximum value distribution. Further, Rescher demonstrates that in matters of distributive justice, the distinction between new ownership and preexisting ownership is pivotal and calls for proceeding on very different principles depending on the case. How one should proceed depends on context, and what is adjudged fair is pragmatic, in that there are different requirements for effectiveness in achieving the aims and purposes of the sort of distribution that is intended. Rescher concludes that fairness is a fundamentally ethical concept. Its distinctive modus operandi contrasts sharply with the aims of paternalism, preference-maximizing, or economic advantage. Fairness will be of interest to philosophers, economists, and political scientists.

Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Communications
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fairness doctrine (Broadcasting)
Languages : en
Pages : 460

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Author: Marc Fleurbaey
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191607576
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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What is a fair distribution of resources and other goods when individuals are partly responsible for their achievements? This book develops a theory of fairness incorporating a concern for personal responsibility, opportunities and freedom. With a critical perspective, it makes accessible the recent developments in economics and philosophy that define social justice in terms of equal opportunities. It also proposes new perspectives and original ideas. The book separates mathematical sections from the rest of the text, so that the main concepts and ideas are easily accessible to non-technical readers. It is often thought that responsibility is a complex notion, but this monograph proposes a simple analytical framework that makes it possible to disentangle the different concepts of fairness that deal with neutralizing inequalities for which the individuals are not held responsible, rewarding their effort, respecting their choices, or staying neutral with respect to their responsibility sphere. It dwells on paradoxes and impossibilities only as a way to highlight important ethical options and always proposes solutions and reasonable compromises among the conflicting values surrounding equality and responsibility. The theory is able to incorporate disincentive problems and is illustrated in the examination of applied policy issues such as: income redistribution when individuals may be held responsible for their choices of labor supply or education; social and private insurance when individuals may be held responsible for their risky lifestyle; second chance policies; the measurement of inequality of opportunities and social mobility.

Author: Henning Schulzrinne
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 354089053X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 350

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Book Description
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Principles, Systems and Applications of IP Telecommunications, held in Heidelberg, Germany, in July 2008. The 16 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 56 submissions. Topics covered include recent advances in the domains of convergent networks, VoIP security, and multimedia service environments for next generation networks.

Author: Jean-Manuel Izaret
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1394190581
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 439

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Book Description
The right pricing strategy can change the entire trajectory of a business, a market, and even society at large. To help you create your best pricing strategy efficiently and confidently, two leaders from BCG are introducing fresh perspectives on pricing that take you far beyond the realm of mind-numbing numbers. In their new book Game Changer: How Strategic Pricing Shapes Businesses, Markets, and Society, Jean-Manuel Izaret and Arnab Sinha simplify and clarify pricing strategy by integrating its many frameworks and concepts into seven distinct pricing games, each with its own proven tools, rules, forces, and structures. To help you pick the right game and play it well, Izaret and Sinha have developed the Strategic Pricing Hexagon, a tool refined through years of testing, iteration, and adaptation. The Hexagon is your portal to a business world where stronger growth and better financial performance come from a set of strategic pricing decisions, not endless myopic quests for optimal prices. But more than that, the Hexagon will change the way you think about and talk about pricing. The current conversation around pricing – as expressed through economics textbooks, Excel spreadsheets, political discourse, and educated guesswork – makes it easy to believe that pricing is nothing more than a technical, tactical and, for most people, boring game of numbers. Game Changer changes that conversation bysharing stories and research that bring the Hexagon and its seven pricing games to life. With research from BCG’s Bruce Henderson Institute and real-world examples from the world's most influential companies, the authors and their colleagues at BCG define pricing strategy as a business leader’s or business owner’s conscious decisions about how money flows in their market. They show how companies succeed in the long term when they focus on collaborative growth and value sharing with customers, not zero-sum value extraction from them. Discover how you can create and implement a winning pricing strategy that changes the trajectory of your business, your market, and even society.

Author: Aileen Nielsen
Publisher: O'Reilly Media
ISBN: 1492075701
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 346

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Book Description
Fairness is an increasingly important topic as machine learning and AI more generally take over the world. While this is an active area of research, many realistic best practices are emerging at all steps along the data pipeline, from data selection and preprocessing to blackbox model audits. This book will guide you through the technical, legal, and ethical aspects of making your code fair and secure while highlighting cutting edge academic research and ongoing legal developments related to fairness and algorithms. There is mounting evidence that the widespread deployment of machine learning and artificial intelligence in business and government is reproducing the same biases we are trying to fight in the real world. For this reason, fairness is an increasingly important consideration for the data scientist. Yet discussions of what fairness means in terms of actual code are few and far between. This code will show you how to code fairly as well as cover basic concerns related to data security and privacy from a fairness perspective.

Author: Madelynn Herman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Access to justice for persons of color
Languages : en
Pages : 14

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Author: Sabat Beatto
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
"Leveling the field: Achieving Fairness in an unjust world" delves into the complex and multifaceted topic of fairness, examining its meaning, origins and implications in various aspects of life. From the legal system and the workplace, to education, healthcare and politics, this book explores the ways in which fairness can be both upheld and challenged and offers insight into the systemic issues that prevent true fairness from being achieved. Written by experts in the field, this book offers a comprehensive and thought-provoking examination of fairness and its role in shaping our society. With practical solutions and real-world examples, it provides valuable information for individuals, organizations and policy makers who are committed to promoting fairness and fighting for justice and equality.