A Stochastic Model for Immunological Feedback in Carcinogenesis: Analysis and Approximations PDF Download
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Author: N. Dubin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364246338X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Stochastic processes often pose the difficulty that, as soon as a model devi ates from the simplest kinds of assumptions, the differential equations obtained for the density and the generating functions become mathematically formidable. Worse still, one is very often led to equations which have no known solution and don't yield to standard analytical methods for differential equations. In the model considered here, one for tumor growth with an immunological re sponse from the normal tissue, a nonlinear term in the transition probability for the death of a tumor cell leads to the above-mentioned complications. Despite the mathematical disadvantages of this nonlinearity, we are able to consider a more sophisticated model biologically. Ultimately, in order to achieve a more realistic representation of a complicated phenomenon, it is necessary to examine mechanisms which allow the model to deviate from the more mathematically tractable linear format. Thus far, stochastic models for tumor growth have almost exclusively considered linear transition probabilities.
Author: N. Dubin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364246338X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Stochastic processes often pose the difficulty that, as soon as a model devi ates from the simplest kinds of assumptions, the differential equations obtained for the density and the generating functions become mathematically formidable. Worse still, one is very often led to equations which have no known solution and don't yield to standard analytical methods for differential equations. In the model considered here, one for tumor growth with an immunological re sponse from the normal tissue, a nonlinear term in the transition probability for the death of a tumor cell leads to the above-mentioned complications. Despite the mathematical disadvantages of this nonlinearity, we are able to consider a more sophisticated model biologically. Ultimately, in order to achieve a more realistic representation of a complicated phenomenon, it is necessary to examine mechanisms which allow the model to deviate from the more mathematically tractable linear format. Thus far, stochastic models for tumor growth have almost exclusively considered linear transition probabilities.
Author: Neil Dubin
Publisher: Springer Verlag
ISBN: 9780387077864
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: C. Bruni
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642931308
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
This volume collects the contributions presented at the "Working Conference on System Theory in Immunology", held in Rome, May 1978. The aim of the Conference was to bring together immunologists on one side and experts in system theory and applied mathematics on the other, in order to identify problems of common interest and to establish a network of joint effort toward their solution. The methodologies of system theory for processing experimental data and for describing dynamical phenomena could indeed contribute significantly to the under standing of basic immunological facts. Conversely, the complexity of experimental results and of interpretative models should stimulate mathematicians to formulate new problems and to design appropriate procedures of analysis. The multitude of scientific publications in theoretical biology, appeared in recent years, confirms this trend and calls for extensive interaction between mat- matics and immunology. The material of this volume is divided into five sections, along the scheme of the Conference program.
Author: M. Eisen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364293126X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
The purpose of this book is to show how mathematics can be applied to improve cancer chemotherapy. Unfortunately, most drugs used in treating cancer kill both normal and abnormal cells. However, more cancer cells than normal cells can be destroyed by the drug because tumor cells usually exhibit different growth kinetics than normal cells. To capitalize on this last fact, cell kinetics must be studied by formulating mathematical models of normal and abnormal cell growth. These models allow the therapeutic and harmful effects of cancer drugs to be simulated quantitatively. The combined cell and drug models can be used to study the effects of different methods of administering drugs. The least harmful method of drug administration, according to a given criterion, can be found by applying optimal control theory. The prerequisites for reading this book are an elementary knowledge of ordinary differential equations, probability, statistics, and linear algebra. In order to make this book self-contained, a chapter on cell biology and a chapter on control theory have been included. Those readers who have had some exposure to biology may prefer to omit Chapter I (Cell Biology) and only use it as a reference when required. However, few biologists have been exposed to control theory. Chapter 7 provides a short, coherent and comprehensible presentation of this subject. The concepts of control theory are necessary for a full understanding of Chapters 8 and 9.
Author: Helmut Knolle
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642456510
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
During the last 30 years, many chemical compounds that are active against tumors have been discovered or developed. At the same time, new methods of testing drugs for cancer therapy have evolved. nefore 1964, drug testing on animal tumors was directed to observation of the incfease in life span of the host after a single dose. A new approach, in which the effects of multiple doses on the proliferation kinetics of the tumor in vivo as well as of cell lines in vitro are investigated, has been outlined by Skipper and his co-workers in a series of papers beginning in 1964 (Skipper, Schabel and Wilcox, 1964 and 1965). They also investigated the influence of the time schedule in the treatment of experimental tumors. Since the publication of those studies, cell population kinetics cannot be left out of any discussion of the rational basis of chemotherapy. When clinical oncologists began to apply cell kinetic concepts in practice about 15 years ago, the theoretical basis was still very poor, in spite of Skipper's progress, and the lack of re levant cytokinetic and pharmacologic data was apparent. Subsequently, much theoretical work has been done and many cell kinetic models have been elaborated (for a review see Eisen, 1977).
Author: National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1378
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Book Description
First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Author: Motoo Kimura
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642465994
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
The use of probabilistic methods in the biological sciences has been so well established by now that mathematical biology is regarded by many as a distinct dis cipline with its own repertoire of techniques. The purpose of the Workshop on sto chastic methods in biology held at Nagoya University during the week of July 8-12, 1985, was to enable biologists and probabilists from Japan and the U. S. to discuss the latest developments in their respective fields and to exchange ideas on the ap plicability of the more recent developments in stochastic process theory to problems in biology. Eighteen papers were presented at the Workshop and have been grouped under the following headings: I. Population genetics (five papers) II. Measure valued diffusion processes related to population genetics (three papers) III. Neurophysiology (two papers) IV. Fluctuation in living cells (two papers) V. Mathematical methods related to other problems in biology, epidemiology, population dynamics, etc. (six papers) An important feature of the Workshop and one of the reasons for organizing it has been the fact that the theory of stochastic differential equations (SDE's) has found a rich source of new problems in the fields of population genetics and neuro biology. This is especially so for the relatively new and growing area of infinite dimensional, i. e. , measure-valued or distribution-valued SDE's. The papers in II and III and some of the papers in the remaining categories represent these areas.
Author: Jean-Pierre Gabriel
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662100673
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
This collection of papers gives a representative cross-selectional view of recent developments in the field. After a survey paper by C. Lefèvre, 17 other research papers look at stochastic modeling of epidemics, both from a theoretical and a statistical point of view. Some look more specifically at a particular disease such as AIDS, malaria, schistosomiasis and diabetes.
Author: G.W. Swan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642464416
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
The mathematical models in this book are concerned with a variety of approaches to the manner in which the clinical radiologic treatment of human neoplasms can be improved. These improvements comprise ways of delivering radiation to the malignan cies so as to create considerable damage to tumor cells while sparing neighboring normal tissues. There is no unique way of dealing with these improvements. Accord ingly, in this book a number of different presentations are given. Each presentation has as its goal some aspect of the improvement, or optimization, of radiotherapy. This book is a collection of current ideas concerned with the optimization of human cancer radiotherapy. It is hoped that readers will build on this collection and develop superior approaches for the understanding of the ways to improve therapy. The author owes a special debt of thanks to Kathy Prindle who breezed through the typing of this book with considerable dexterity. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Introduction 1 1. 2 History of Cancer and its Treatment by Radiotherapy 8 1. 3 Some Mathematical Models of Tumor Growth 12 1. 4 Spatial Distribution of the Radiation Dose 20 Chapter 2 SURVIVAL CURVES FROM STATISTICAL MODELS 24 2. 1 Introduction 24 2. 2 The Target Model 26 2. 3 Single-hit-to-kill Model 27 2. 4 Multitarget, Single-hit Survival 29 2. 5 Multitarget, Multihit Survival 31 2. 6 Single-target, Multihit Survival 31 2.
Author: U. an der Heiden
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642455174
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
The purpose of this work is a unified and general treatment of activity in neural networks from a mathematical pOint of view. Possible applications of the theory presented are indica ted throughout the text. However, they are not explored in de tail for two reasons : first, the universal character of n- ral activity in nearly all animals requires some type of a general approach~ secondly, the mathematical perspicuity would suffer if too many experimental details and empirical peculiarities were interspersed among the mathematical investigation. A guide to many applications is supplied by the references concerning a variety of specific issues. Of course the theory does not aim at covering all individual problems. Moreover there are other approaches to neural network theory (see e.g. Poggio-Torre, 1978) based on the different lev els at which the nervous system may be viewed. The theory is a deterministic one reflecting the average be havior of neurons or neuron pools. In this respect the essay is written in the spirit of the work of Cowan, Feldman, and Wilson (see sect. 2.2). The networks are described by systems of nonlinear integral equations. Therefore the paper can also be read as a course in nonlinear system theory. The interpretation of the elements as neurons is not a necessary one. However, for vividness the mathematical results are often expressed in neurophysiological terms, such as excitation, inhibition, membrane potentials, and impulse frequencies. The nonlinearities are essential constituents of the theory.
