A Solid-state Doping Technology for Carbon Nanotubes PDF Download
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Author: Luckshitha Suriyasena Liyanage
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have great potential of becoming the channel material for future high-speed transistor technology. Despite tremendous progress in the recent years, certain challenges still remain to be addressed to realize a scaled CNT based transistor technology. In this thesis I address three fundamental challenges that are essential to realizing a SWCNT-based transistor technology. One of the fundamental issues in carbon nanotube transistor technology originates from material synthesis which provides us a mixture of metallic and semiconducting CNTs. To use the semiconducting CNT as the transistor channel material, we developed a solution-based carbon nanotube sorting process where semiconducting CNTs can be sorted from metallic CNTs to a> 99% of purity. The main application of CNTs following this sorting process is for thin film transistors (TFTs) that can be utilized on flexible transparent substrates. In order to achieve carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs) with excellent gate control, it is essential to understand the interactions between CNTs and gate insulation materials - ALD high-k dielectrics. In the second section I will investigate the effects of atomic layer deposited (ALD) high-k dielectrics (Al2O3 & HfO2) on SWCNTs. We study the ALD nucleation and growth on SWCNTs and we confirm our findings and gain insightful information using Raman Spectroscopy. In the third part of the thesis I present a novel, VLSI-compatible solid-state doping technique to fabricate n-type carbon nanotube transistors using low work-function metal oxides as gate dielectrics. Using this technique we demonstrate wafer-scale, aligned CNT transistors with yttrium oxide (Y2Ox) gate dielectrics that exhibit excellent n-type behavior. We confirm this mechanism by carrying out a variety of characterization techniques and provide a general guideline for CNT doping that could also be applicable for MoS2 and graphene. This thesis paves the way to exploiting a wide range of materials for an effective n-type carbon nanotube transistor for a complementary (p- and n-type) transistor technology.
Author: Luckshitha Suriyasena Liyanage
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have great potential of becoming the channel material for future high-speed transistor technology. Despite tremendous progress in the recent years, certain challenges still remain to be addressed to realize a scaled CNT based transistor technology. In this thesis I address three fundamental challenges that are essential to realizing a SWCNT-based transistor technology. One of the fundamental issues in carbon nanotube transistor technology originates from material synthesis which provides us a mixture of metallic and semiconducting CNTs. To use the semiconducting CNT as the transistor channel material, we developed a solution-based carbon nanotube sorting process where semiconducting CNTs can be sorted from metallic CNTs to a> 99% of purity. The main application of CNTs following this sorting process is for thin film transistors (TFTs) that can be utilized on flexible transparent substrates. In order to achieve carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs) with excellent gate control, it is essential to understand the interactions between CNTs and gate insulation materials - ALD high-k dielectrics. In the second section I will investigate the effects of atomic layer deposited (ALD) high-k dielectrics (Al2O3 & HfO2) on SWCNTs. We study the ALD nucleation and growth on SWCNTs and we confirm our findings and gain insightful information using Raman Spectroscopy. In the third part of the thesis I present a novel, VLSI-compatible solid-state doping technique to fabricate n-type carbon nanotube transistors using low work-function metal oxides as gate dielectrics. Using this technique we demonstrate wafer-scale, aligned CNT transistors with yttrium oxide (Y2Ox) gate dielectrics that exhibit excellent n-type behavior. We confirm this mechanism by carrying out a variety of characterization techniques and provide a general guideline for CNT doping that could also be applicable for MoS2 and graphene. This thesis paves the way to exploiting a wide range of materials for an effective n-type carbon nanotube transistor for a complementary (p- and n-type) transistor technology.
Author: Sergey Bulyarskiy
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319558838
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 197
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Book Description
This book addresses the control of electronic properties of carbon nanotubes. It presents thermodynamic calculations of the formation of impurities and defects in the interaction of nanotubes with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and boron, based on theoretical models of the formation of defects in carbon nanotubes. It is shown that doping and adsorption lead to changes in the electronic structure of the tubes as well as to the appearance of impurity states in the HOMO-LUMO gap. The book presents examples of specific calculations for doping of carbon nanotubes with oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and boron, together with numerous experimental results and a comparison with the author’s thermodynamic calculations. Possible directions of the technological processes of optimization are pointed out, as well as the perspectives of p-n-transition creation with the help of carbon nanotube arrays. The results presented were derived from the physics of the processes and a theoretical model of the technological processes. Though a wealth of empirical information on doping nanotubes has been accumulated in the scientific literature, what is lacking is a theoretical model for their analysis. As such, the book develops a thermodynamic model of the self-organization of structural elements in multicomponent systems – including carbon nanotubes, clusters and precipitates in condensed matter – and subsequently adapts it to the doping of carbon nanotubes. This approach allows readers to gain a far deeper understanding of the processes of doping carbon nanotubes.
Author: T. Yamabe
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080540759
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 203
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Book Description
Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) is the material lying between fullerenes and graphite as a new member of carbon allotropes. The study of CNT has gradually become more and more independent from that of fullerenes. As a novel carbon material, CNTs will be far more useful and important than fullerenes from a practical point of view, in that they will be directly related to an ample field of nanotechnology. This book presents a timely, second-generation monograph covering as far as practical, application of CNT as the newest science of these materials. Most updated summaries for preparation, purification and structural characterisation of single walled CNT and multi walled CNT are given. Similarly, the most recent developments in the theoretical treatments of electronic structures and vibrational structures are covered. The newest magnetic, optical and electrical solid-state properties providing a vital base to actual application technologies are described. Explosive research trends towards application of CNTs, including the prospect for large-scale synthesis, are also introduced. It is the most remarkable feature of this monograph that it devotes more than a half of the whole volume to practical aspects and offers readers the newest developments of the science and technological aspects of CNTs.
Author: Kazuyoshi Tanaka
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0080982689
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 458
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Book Description
Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene is a timely second edition of the original Science and Technology of Carbon Nanotubes. Updated to include expanded coverage of the preparation, purification, structural characterization, and common application areas of single- and multi-walled CNT structures, this work compares, contrasts, and, where appropriate, unitizes CNT to graphene. This much expanded second edition reference supports knowledge discovery, production of impactful carbon research, encourages transition between research fields, and aids the formation of emergent applications. New chapters encompass recent developments in the theoretical treatments of electronic and vibrational structures, and magnetic, optical, and electrical solid-state properties, providing a vital base to research. Current and potential applications of both materials, including the prospect for large-scale synthesis of graphene, biological structures, and flexible electronics, are also critically discussed. - Updated discussion of properties, structure, and morphology of biological and flexible electronic applications aids fundamental knowledge discovery - Innovative parallel focus on nanotubes and graphene enables you to learn from the successes and failures of, respectively, mature and emergent partner research disciplines - High-quality figures and tables on physical and mathematical applications expertly summarize key information – essential if you need quick, critically relevant data
Author: Noe T. Alvarez
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128091029
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been at the frontier of nanotechnology research for the past two decades. The interest in CNTs is due to their unique physical and chemical properties, which surpass those of most other materials. To put CNTs into macroscale applications, the nanotubes can be spun to form continuous fiber materials. Thus far, the properties of the fibers are far below the properties of the individual nanotubes. If the electrical and mechanical properties of the fibers could be improved, the resulting superfiber materials would change the industry and society. For example, CNT materials might replace copper wires providing lighter, stronger cables for aerospace applications. The small size of individual nanotubes, and the mixture of different diameters and chiralities, limits the electrical conductivity of CNT fiber. A simple way to improve the electrical conductivity of CNT fibers is chemically doping the CNTs within the fibers. This chapter attempts to summarize, classify and provide a basic understanding of doping at the atomic and molecular levels. Characterization of doping and current results of our doping efforts are discussed.
Author: Ali Javey
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387692851
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 275
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Book Description
This book provides a complete overview of the field of carbon nanotube electronics. It covers materials and physical properties, synthesis and fabrication processes, devices and circuits, modeling, and finally novel applications of nanotube-based electronics. The book introduces fundamental device physics and circuit concepts of 1-D electronics. At the same time it provides specific examples of the state-of-the-art nanotube devices.
Author: Han-ill Yoo
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814482218
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1110
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Book Description
Solid state ionics is concerned with the science and technology of ions in motion in the solid state. Ions in motion may also involve electrons, depending on the materials and surroundings. These days, solid state ionics is finding an increasing variety of applications. The knowledge of solid state ionics is also extensively mobilized to protect, predict or elongate the lifetime of structural materials in harsh service conditions and to improve the performance reliability of devices. Furthermore, solid state ionics is now being combined with the emerging nanotechnology to produce new knowledge and applications. This book covers the following topics: fuel cells and membranes; batteries; sensors and electrochromics; fundamentals of ionic transport and defect chemistry; cation/anion/mixed ionic electronic conductors.
Author: Jacobus Swart
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9533070455
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
The evolution of solid-state circuit technology has a long history within a relatively short period of time. This technology has lead to the modern information society that connects us and tools, a large market, and many types of products and applications. The solid-state circuit technology continuously evolves via breakthroughs and improvements every year. This book is devoted to review and present novel approaches for some of the main issues involved in this exciting and vigorous technology. The book is composed of 22 chapters, written by authors coming from 30 different institutions located in 12 different countries throughout the Americas, Asia and Europe. Thus, reflecting the wide international contribution to the book. The broad range of subjects presented in the book offers a general overview of the main issues in modern solid-state circuit technology. Furthermore, the book offers an in depth analysis on specific subjects for specialists. We believe the book is of great scientific and educational value for many readers. I am profoundly indebted to the support provided by all of those involved in the work. First and foremost I would like to acknowledge and thank the authors who worked hard and generously agreed to share their results and knowledge. Second I would like to express my gratitude to the Intech team that invited me to edit the book and give me their full support and a fruitful experience while working together to combine this book.
Author: Huisheng Peng
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128110929
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
Polymer Materials for Energy and Electronic Applications is among the first books to systematically describe the recent developments in polymer materials and their electronic applications. It covers the synthesis, structures, and properties of polymers, along with their composites. In addition, the book introduces, and describes, four main kinds of electronic devices based on polymers, including energy harvesting devices, energy storage devices, light-emitting devices, and electrically driving sensors. Stretchable and wearable electronics based on polymers are a particular focus and main achievement of the book that concludes with the future developments and challenges of electronic polymers and devices. - Provides a basic understanding on the structure and morphology of polymers and their electronic properties and applications - Highlights the current applications of conducting polymers on energy harvesting and storage - Introduces the emerging flexible and stretchable electronic devices - Adds a new family of fiber-shaped electronic devices
Author: Pradip Kar
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118573803
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
An A-to-Z of doping including its definition, its importance, methods of measurement, advantages and disadvantages, properties and characteristics—and role in conjugated polymers The versatility of polymer materials is expanding because of the introduction of electro-active behavior into the characteristics of some of them. The most exciting development in this area is related to the discovery of intrinsically conductive polymers or conjugated polymers, which include such examples as polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene as well as their derivatives. "Synmet" or "synthetic metal" conjugated polymers, with their metallic characteristics, including conductivity, are of special interest to researchers. An area of limitless potential and application, conjugated polymers have sparked enormous interest, beginning in 2000 when the Nobel Prize for the discovery and development of electrically conducting conjugated polymers was awarded to three scientists: Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, and Hideki Shirakawa. Conjugated polymers have a combination of properties—both metallic (conductivity) and polymeric; doping gives the conjugated polymer's semiconducting a wide range of conductivity, from insulating to low conducting. The doping process is a tested effective method for producing conducting polymers as semiconducting material, providing a substitute for inorganic semiconductors. Doping in Conjugated Polymers is the first book dedicated to the subject and offers a comprehensive A-to-Z overview. It details doping interaction, dopant types, doping techniques, and the influence of the dopant on applications. It explains how the performance of doped conjugated polymers is greatly influenced by the nature of the dopants and their level of distribution within the polymer, and shows how the electrochemical, mechanical, and optical properties of the doped conjugated polymers can be tailored by controlling the size and mobility of the dopants counter ions. The book also examines doping at the nanoscale, in particular, with carbon nanotubes. Readership The book will interest a broad range of researchers including chemists, electrochemists, biochemists, experimental and theoretical physicists, electronic and electrical engineers, polymer and materials scientists. It can also be used in both graduate and upper-level undergraduate courses on conjugated polymers and polymer technology.
