A Regional Study of Wind Erosion in the Xilingele Grassland Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics PDF Download
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Author: Zhuodong Zhong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 143
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Book Description
Author: Zhuodong Zhong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 143
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Book Description
Author: Zhuodong Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 143
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Book Description
Author: Yaping Shao
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792366577
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive summary of the recent developments in wind-erosion research and a clear outline of its future directions. The physics of wind-erosion, from particle entrainment to transport and deposition, is described with rigor from the viewpoints of fluid dynamics and soil physics. The techniques for quantitative wind-erosion prediction through computational modelling constitutes a unique feature of this book in contrast to others published in the same field. For the first time, wind-erosion has been considered systematically as a multidisciplinary subject. The author has advocated the development of integrated wind-erosion modelling systems which couple dynamic models for the atmosphere and land surface with spatially distributed data for land-surface conditions. The successful applications of such a system have demonstrated its usefulness in wind-erosion assessment and prediction on regional to continental scales. This book offers a valuable reference point for researchers and postgraduate students engaged in wind-erosion related studies, ranging from global climate change to atmospheric aerosols, dust storms, air quality, and land conservation.
Author: Carsten Hoffmann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
Author: Dirk Goossens
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dust control
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Author: Lothar Mueller
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319244094
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 758
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Book Description
This book presents an analysis of land and water resources in Siberia, initially characterizing the landscapes, their ecosystems, crucial processes, human impacts on soil and water quality, and the status quo of available research. Further chapters deal with modern monitoring and management methods that can lead to a significant knowledge shift and initiate sustainable soil and water resources use. These include soil hydrological laboratory measurement methods; process-based field evaluation methods for land and water quality; remote sensing and GIS technology-based landscape monitoring methods; process and ecosystem modeling approaches; methods of resource and process evaluation and functional soil mapping; and tools for controlling agricultural land use systems. More than 15 of these concrete monitoring and management tools can immediately be incorporated into research and practice. Maintaining the functions of great landscapes for future generations will be the reward for these efforts.
Author: A. P. Bocharov
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Meteorological instruments
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Author: Howell B. Gonzales
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Wind erosion is an important problem in many locations, including the Great Plains, that needs to be controlled to protect soil and land resources. This research was conducted to assess the effectiveness of vegetation (specifically, standing vegetation and tree barriers) as controls for wind erosion. Specific objectives were to: (1) measure sand transport and abrasion on artificial standing vegetation, (2) determine porosity and drag of a single row of Osage orange (Maclura pomifera) barrier, (3) assess effectiveness of Osage orange barriers in reducing dust, (4) predict airflow through standing vegetation, and (5) predict airflow and particle collection through Osage orange barriers. Wind tunnel tests were conducted to measure wind speed profiles, relative abrasion energies, and sand discharge rates for bare sand and for two vegetation heights (150 and 220 mm) at various densities of vegetation. Results showed that vegetation density was directly related to threshold velocity and inversely related to sand discharge. The coefficient of abrasion was adversely affected by saltation discharge but did not depend on wind speed. Field tests measured the aerodynamic and optical porosities of Osage orange trees using wind profiles and image analysis, respectively, and an empirical relationship between the two porosities was derived. Vertical wind profiles were also used to estimate drag coefficients. Optical porosity correlated well with the drag coefficient. Field measurements also showed a row of Osage orange barrier resulted in particulate concentration reduction of 15 to 54% for PM2.5 and 23 to 65% for PM10. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software (OpenFOAM) was used to predict airflow in a wind tunnel with artificial standing vegetation. Predicted wind speeds differed slightly from the measured values, possibly due to oscillatory motions of the standing vegetation not accounted for in the CFD simulation. OpenFOAM was also used to simulate airflow and particle transport through a row of Osage orange barrier. Predicted and measured wind speeds agreed well. Measured dust concentration reduction at two points (upwind and downwind) were also similar to the predicted results.
Author: Andrew Maskrey
Publisher: Humanities Press International
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Author: Edwin D. McKee
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781410214577
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Book Description
Early descriptions and considerations of the characteristics of modern eolian sand deposits, mostly in the great sand seas of the world, date back to the 1880's and 1890's, when pioneer geologists and explorers wrote their classic papers on desert dunes. One or two decades later, interest in eolian processes greatly increased when wind-formed deposits were recognized in ancient sandstones in many parts of the world and in rocks of many ages. Throughout the 20th century, as the science of geology has expanded and the programs of the U.S. Geological Survey have proliferated to keep pace, dune studies have had a similar growth. Work was initially concentrated mostly on the description of dune forms or morphology and on analysis of textural features; by midcentury, however, major contributions had been made to the physics of eolian sand by detailed studies and interpretations of minor eolian structures, by statistical analyses of cross-strata dip directions, and by the development of systems for dune classification. Most recently, interest has been renewed in detailed grain studies, in the study of cross-strata, and in interpretation of dune patterns by means of aerial photographs and Landsat imagery. A major feature of this report on global sand seas is the compilation and comparison of available data based on many different methods of investigation. The application of these studies to economic problems, which is described in one chapter, clearly illustrates the importance of eolian deposits to our present culture and to human welfare. H. William MenardDirector, U.S. Geological Survey
