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Author: Lawrence Snyder
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262692175
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
ZPL is a new array programming language for science and engineering computation. Designed for fast execution on both sequential and parallel computers, it is intended to replace languages such as Fortran and C. This guide provides a complete introduction to ZPL. It assumes that the reader is experienced with an imperative language such as C, Fortran, or Pascal. Though precise and thorough, it does not attempt to be a complete reference manual, but rather it illustrates typical ZPL usage and explains in an intuitive manner how the constructs work. The emphasis is on teaching the reader to be a ZPL programmer. Scientific computations are used as examples throughout, and a list of common features is printed on the inside back cover for easy reference.
Author: Lawrence Snyder
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262692175
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 180
Get Book
Book Description
ZPL is a new array programming language for science and engineering computation. Designed for fast execution on both sequential and parallel computers, it is intended to replace languages such as Fortran and C. This guide provides a complete introduction to ZPL. It assumes that the reader is experienced with an imperative language such as C, Fortran, or Pascal. Though precise and thorough, it does not attempt to be a complete reference manual, but rather it illustrates typical ZPL usage and explains in an intuitive manner how the constructs work. The emphasis is on teaching the reader to be a ZPL programmer. Scientific computations are used as examples throughout, and a list of common features is printed on the inside back cover for easy reference.
Author: Paul Cockshott
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1447138627
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
A number of widely used contemporary processors have instruction-set extensions for improved performance in multi-media applications. The aim is to allow operations to proceed on multiple pixels each clock cycle. Such instruction-sets have been incorporated both in specialist DSPchips such as the Texas C62xx (Texas Instruments, 1998) and in general purpose CPU chips like the Intel IA32 (Intel, 2000) or the AMD K6 (Advanced Micro Devices, 1999). These instruction-set extensions are typically based on the Single Instruc tion-stream Multiple Data-stream (SIMD) model in which a single instruction causes the same mathematical operation to be carried out on several operands, or pairs of operands, at the same time. The level or parallelism supported ranges from two floating point operations, at a time on the AMD K6 architecture to 16 byte operations at a time on the Intel P4 architecture. Whereas processor architectures are moving towards greater levels of parallelism, the most widely used programming languages such as C, Java and Delphi are structured around a model of computation in which operations takeplace on a single value at a time. This was appropriate when processors worked this way, but has become an impediment to programmers seeking to make use of the performance offered by multi-media instruction -sets. The introduction of SIMD instruction sets (Peleg et al.
Author: Pavan Balaji
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262332256
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
An overview of the most prominent contemporary parallel processing programming models, written in a unique tutorial style. With the coming of the parallel computing era, computer scientists have turned their attention to designing programming models that are suited for high-performance parallel computing and supercomputing systems. Programming parallel systems is complicated by the fact that multiple processing units are simultaneously computing and moving data. This book offers an overview of some of the most prominent parallel programming models used in high-performance computing and supercomputing systems today. The chapters describe the programming models in a unique tutorial style rather than using the formal approach taken in the research literature. The aim is to cover a wide range of parallel programming models, enabling the reader to understand what each has to offer. The book begins with a description of the Message Passing Interface (MPI), the most common parallel programming model for distributed memory computing. It goes on to cover one-sided communication models, ranging from low-level runtime libraries (GASNet, OpenSHMEM) to high-level programming models (UPC, GA, Chapel); task-oriented programming models (Charm++, ADLB, Scioto, Swift, CnC) that allow users to describe their computation and data units as tasks so that the runtime system can manage computation and data movement as necessary; and parallel programming models intended for on-node parallelism in the context of multicore architecture or attached accelerators (OpenMP, Cilk Plus, TBB, CUDA, OpenCL). The book will be a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers, and any scientist who works with data sets and large computations. Contributors Timothy Armstrong, Michael G. Burke, Ralph Butler, Bradford L. Chamberlain, Sunita Chandrasekaran, Barbara Chapman, Jeff Daily, James Dinan, Deepak Eachempati, Ian T. Foster, William D. Gropp, Paul Hargrove, Wen-mei Hwu, Nikhil Jain, Laxmikant Kale, David Kirk, Kath Knobe, Ariram Krishnamoorthy, Jeffery A. Kuehn, Alexey Kukanov, Charles E. Leiserson, Jonathan Lifflander, Ewing Lusk, Tim Mattson, Bruce Palmer, Steven C. Pieper, Stephen W. Poole, Arch D. Robison, Frank Schlimbach, Rajeev Thakur, Abhinav Vishnu, Justin M. Wozniak, Michael Wilde, Kathy Yelick, Yili Zheng
Author: Tom Deakin
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262547538
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
The essential guide for writing portable, parallel programs for GPUs using the OpenMP programming model. Today’s computers are complex, multi-architecture systems: multiple cores in a shared address space, graphics processing units (GPUs), and specialized accelerators. To get the most from these systems, programs must use all these different processors. In Programming Your GPU with OpenMP, Tom Deakin and Timothy Mattson help everyone, from beginners to advanced programmers, learn how to use OpenMP to program a GPU using just a few directives and runtime functions. Then programmers can go further to maximize performance by using CPUs and GPUs in parallel—true heterogeneous programming. And since OpenMP is a portable API, the programs will run on almost any system. Programming Your GPU with OpenMP shares best practices for writing performance portable programs. Key features include: The most up-to-date APIs for programming GPUs with OpenMP with concepts that transfer to other approaches for GPU programming. Written in a tutorial style that embraces active learning, so that readers can make immediate use of what they learn via provided source code. Builds the OpenMP GPU Common Core to get programmers to serious production-level GPU programming as fast as possible. Additional features: A reference guide at the end of the book covering all relevant parts of OpenMP 5.2. An online repository containing source code for the example programs from the book—provided in all languages currently supported by OpenMP: C, C++, and Fortran. Tutorial videos and lecture slides.
Author: Divakar Viswanath
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262036290
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 625
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Book Description
A variety of programming models relevant to scientists explained, with an emphasis on how programming constructs map to parts of the computer. What makes computer programs fast or slow? To answer this question, we have to get behind the abstractions of programming languages and look at how a computer really works. This book examines and explains a variety of scientific programming models (programming models relevant to scientists) with an emphasis on how programming constructs map to different parts of the computer's architecture. Two themes emerge: program speed and program modularity. Throughout this book, the premise is to "get under the hood," and the discussion is tied to specific programs. The book digs into linkers, compilers, operating systems, and computer architecture to understand how the different parts of the computer interact with programs. It begins with a review of C/C++ and explanations of how libraries, linkers, and Makefiles work. Programming models covered include Pthreads, OpenMP, MPI, TCP/IP, and CUDA.The emphasis on how computers work leads the reader into computer architecture and occasionally into the operating system kernel. The operating system studied is Linux, the preferred platform for scientific computing. Linux is also open source, which allows users to peer into its inner workings. A brief appendix provides a useful table of machines used to time programs. The book's website (https://github.com/divakarvi/bk-spca) has all the programs described in the book as well as a link to the html text.
Author: Paul Cockshott
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 1447761561
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 97
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Book Description
A manual for the Glasgow Pascal compiler that supports parallel processing.
Author: William Gropp
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262527391
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
The thoroughly updated edition of a guide to parallel programming with MPI, reflecting the latest specifications, with many detailed examples. This book offers a thoroughly updated guide to the MPI (Message-Passing Interface) standard library for writing programs for parallel computers. Since the publication of the previous edition of Using MPI, parallel computing has become mainstream. Today, applications run on computers with millions of processors; multiple processors sharing memory and multicore processors with multiple hardware threads per core are common. The MPI-3 Forum recently brought the MPI standard up to date with respect to developments in hardware capabilities, core language evolution, the needs of applications, and experience gained over the years by vendors, implementers, and users. This third edition of Using MPI reflects these changes in both text and example code. The book takes an informal, tutorial approach, introducing each concept through easy-to-understand examples, including actual code in C and Fortran. Topics include using MPI in simple programs, virtual topologies, MPI datatypes, parallel libraries, and a comparison of MPI with sockets. For the third edition, example code has been brought up to date; applications have been updated; and references reflect the recent attention MPI has received in the literature. A companion volume, Using Advanced MPI, covers more advanced topics, including hybrid programming and coping with large data.
Author: William Gropp
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262571326
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
The authors introduce the core function of the Message Printing Interface (MPI). This edition adds material on the C++ and Fortran 90 binding for MPI.
Author: William Gropp
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262326647
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 391
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Book Description
A guide to advanced features of MPI, reflecting the latest version of the MPI standard, that takes an example-driven, tutorial approach. This book offers a practical guide to the advanced features of the MPI (Message-Passing Interface) standard library for writing programs for parallel computers. It covers new features added in MPI-3, the latest version of the MPI standard, and updates from MPI-2. Like its companion volume, Using MPI, the book takes an informal, example-driven, tutorial approach. The material in each chapter is organized according to the complexity of the programs used as examples, starting with the simplest example and moving to more complex ones. Using Advanced MPI covers major changes in MPI-3, including changes to remote memory access and one-sided communication that simplify semantics and enable better performance on modern hardware; new features such as nonblocking and neighborhood collectives for greater scalability on large systems; and minor updates to parallel I/O and dynamic processes. It also covers support for hybrid shared-memory/message-passing programming; MPI_Message, which aids in certain types of multithreaded programming; features that handle very large data; an interface that allows the programmer and the developer to access performance data; and a new binding of MPI to Fortran.
Author: Ruud Van Der Pas
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262534789
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
A guide to the most recent, advanced features of the widely used OpenMP parallel programming model, with coverage of major features in OpenMP 4.5. This book offers an up-to-date, practical tutorial on advanced features in the widely used OpenMP parallel programming model. Building on the previous volume, Using OpenMP: Portable Shared Memory Parallel Programming (MIT Press), this book goes beyond the fundamentals to focus on what has been changed and added to OpenMP since the 2.5 specifications. It emphasizes four major and advanced areas: thread affinity (keeping threads close to their data), accelerators (special hardware to speed up certain operations), tasking (to parallelize algorithms with a less regular execution flow), and SIMD (hardware assisted operations on vectors). As in the earlier volume, the focus is on practical usage, with major new features primarily introduced by example. Examples are restricted to C and C++, but are straightforward enough to be understood by Fortran programmers. After a brief recap of OpenMP 2.5, the book reviews enhancements introduced since 2.5. It then discusses in detail tasking, a major functionality enhancement; Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architectures, supported by OpenMP; SIMD, or Single Instruction Multiple Data; heterogeneous systems, a new parallel programming model to offload computation to accelerators; and the expected further development of OpenMP.
