Author: Liza Lovdahl Gormsen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139486845
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 227
Book Description
Three questions surround the interpretation and application of Article 82 of the EC Treaty. What is its underlying purpose? Is it necessary to demonstrate actual or likely anticompetitive effects on the market place when applying Article 82? And how can dominant undertakings defend themselves against a finding of abuse? Instead of the usual discussion of objectives, Liza Lovdahl Gormsen questions whether the Commission's chosen objective of consumer welfare is legitimate. While many Community lawyers would readily accept and indeed welcome the objective of consumer welfare, this is not supported by case law. The Community Courts do not always favour consumer welfare at the expense of economic freedom. This is important for dominant undertakings' ability to advance efficiencies and for understanding why the Chicago and post-Chicago School arguments cannot be injected into Article 82.
A Principled Approach to Abuse of Dominance in European Competition Law
Author: Liza Lovdahl Gormsen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139486845
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 227
Book Description
Three questions surround the interpretation and application of Article 82 of the EC Treaty. What is its underlying purpose? Is it necessary to demonstrate actual or likely anticompetitive effects on the market place when applying Article 82? And how can dominant undertakings defend themselves against a finding of abuse? Instead of the usual discussion of objectives, Liza Lovdahl Gormsen questions whether the Commission's chosen objective of consumer welfare is legitimate. While many Community lawyers would readily accept and indeed welcome the objective of consumer welfare, this is not supported by case law. The Community Courts do not always favour consumer welfare at the expense of economic freedom. This is important for dominant undertakings' ability to advance efficiencies and for understanding why the Chicago and post-Chicago School arguments cannot be injected into Article 82.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139486845
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 227
Book Description
Three questions surround the interpretation and application of Article 82 of the EC Treaty. What is its underlying purpose? Is it necessary to demonstrate actual or likely anticompetitive effects on the market place when applying Article 82? And how can dominant undertakings defend themselves against a finding of abuse? Instead of the usual discussion of objectives, Liza Lovdahl Gormsen questions whether the Commission's chosen objective of consumer welfare is legitimate. While many Community lawyers would readily accept and indeed welcome the objective of consumer welfare, this is not supported by case law. The Community Courts do not always favour consumer welfare at the expense of economic freedom. This is important for dominant undertakings' ability to advance efficiencies and for understanding why the Chicago and post-Chicago School arguments cannot be injected into Article 82.
A Principled Approach to Abuse of Dominance in European Competition Law
Author: Liza Lovdahl Gormsen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781107209046
Category : Antitrust law
Languages : en
Pages : 207
Book Description
Liza Lovdahl Gormsen questions whether the European Commission's objective of consumer welfare over economic freedom in the marketplace is legitimate.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781107209046
Category : Antitrust law
Languages : en
Pages : 207
Book Description
Liza Lovdahl Gormsen questions whether the European Commission's objective of consumer welfare over economic freedom in the marketplace is legitimate.
The Shaping of EU Competition Law
Author: Pablo Ibáñez Colomo
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108429424
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 389
Book Description
A ground breaking study of how the interaction between the European Commission and the EU Courts has shaped EU competition law.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108429424
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 389
Book Description
A ground breaking study of how the interaction between the European Commission and the EU Courts has shaped EU competition law.
Abuse of Dominance in EU Competition Law
Author: Pier Luigi Parcu
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1785367625
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
Granting rebates to a customer or refusing to supply a competitor are examples of ordinary commercial practices, which become ‘abusive’ under Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (TFEU) when carried out by ‘dominant’ firms. This topical book provides an up-to-date account of the emerging trends in the enforcement and interpretation of this provision at both the EU and national level.
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1785367625
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
Granting rebates to a customer or refusing to supply a competitor are examples of ordinary commercial practices, which become ‘abusive’ under Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (TFEU) when carried out by ‘dominant’ firms. This topical book provides an up-to-date account of the emerging trends in the enforcement and interpretation of this provision at both the EU and national level.
The Normative Foundations of European Competition Law
Author: Oles Andriychuk
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1786436078
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 441
Book Description
Does competitive process constitute an autonomous societal value or is it a means for achieving more meritorious goals: welfare, growth, integration, and innovation? The hypothesis of The Normative Foundations of European Competition Law is that the former is the case. This insightful book analyses the phenomenon of competition from philosophical, legal and economic perspectives demonstrating exactly why competitive process should not be viewed only as an instrument. It consolidates various normative theories of freedom, market and competition, and explains how exactly they can be operationalized effectively in the matrix of the EU competition policy.
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1786436078
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 441
Book Description
Does competitive process constitute an autonomous societal value or is it a means for achieving more meritorious goals: welfare, growth, integration, and innovation? The hypothesis of The Normative Foundations of European Competition Law is that the former is the case. This insightful book analyses the phenomenon of competition from philosophical, legal and economic perspectives demonstrating exactly why competitive process should not be viewed only as an instrument. It consolidates various normative theories of freedom, market and competition, and explains how exactly they can be operationalized effectively in the matrix of the EU competition policy.
The Interplay between European and National Competition Law after Regulation 1/2003
Author: Lúcio Tomé Feteira
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9041156658
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 558
Book Description
If we can speak of the European Community's 'economic constitution', we can assert that competition rules, together with free movement rules, form its core. Notably, implementation of the competition rules enshrined in Articles 81 and 82 EC changed radically with the enactment of Regulation 1/2003, which in effect dispensed with mandatory prior notifications and allowed national authorities to apply Article 101(3) TFEU directly. Given that national legislations perceive certain types of unilateral conduct, even if adopted by a non-dominant undertaking, as a potential source of anticompetitive effects, an important question concerns the leeway enjoyed by national authorities under the exception to the convergence rule in Article 3(2) of Regulation 1/2003, and the consequent effect on both legal practice and policy issues. In this lucidly argued book, focusing on national competition provisions in Germany, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom that deal with such conduct, the author provides a detailed examination of how such considerations as the following are affected by Regulation 1/2003: - prohibition of abuse of economic dependence or superior bargaining power; - the particular susceptibility of long-term contracts; - prohibition of resale at a loss or below cost; - prohibition of boycott, unlawful pressures, threats, and other coercive tactics adopted by undertakings; and - the role of unfair competition law. The analysis follows a functional method of comparative legal analysis, reviewing the most relevant norms in the selected jurisdictions, particularly in what concerns their goals and function in the context of their respective legal systems. Special attention is paid to two specific sectors – the motor-vehicle and the retailing industries – which have most often triggered relevant legislation and case law in the jurisdictions covered. Legal scholarship in the field is also drawn upon. In its clarification of the meaning of Regulation 1/2003, this book allows practitioners to fully grasp its scope. The author's thorough, masterful analysis of the statutory framework of Article 3 of the regulation also reveals the variety of reasons why different Member States have different competition policies on the scope of the exception to the rule of convergence, and in this way provides lawyers, policymakers, and academics with welcome insights on how major EU jurisdictions apply European competition law.
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9041156658
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 558
Book Description
If we can speak of the European Community's 'economic constitution', we can assert that competition rules, together with free movement rules, form its core. Notably, implementation of the competition rules enshrined in Articles 81 and 82 EC changed radically with the enactment of Regulation 1/2003, which in effect dispensed with mandatory prior notifications and allowed national authorities to apply Article 101(3) TFEU directly. Given that national legislations perceive certain types of unilateral conduct, even if adopted by a non-dominant undertaking, as a potential source of anticompetitive effects, an important question concerns the leeway enjoyed by national authorities under the exception to the convergence rule in Article 3(2) of Regulation 1/2003, and the consequent effect on both legal practice and policy issues. In this lucidly argued book, focusing on national competition provisions in Germany, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom that deal with such conduct, the author provides a detailed examination of how such considerations as the following are affected by Regulation 1/2003: - prohibition of abuse of economic dependence or superior bargaining power; - the particular susceptibility of long-term contracts; - prohibition of resale at a loss or below cost; - prohibition of boycott, unlawful pressures, threats, and other coercive tactics adopted by undertakings; and - the role of unfair competition law. The analysis follows a functional method of comparative legal analysis, reviewing the most relevant norms in the selected jurisdictions, particularly in what concerns their goals and function in the context of their respective legal systems. Special attention is paid to two specific sectors – the motor-vehicle and the retailing industries – which have most often triggered relevant legislation and case law in the jurisdictions covered. Legal scholarship in the field is also drawn upon. In its clarification of the meaning of Regulation 1/2003, this book allows practitioners to fully grasp its scope. The author's thorough, masterful analysis of the statutory framework of Article 3 of the regulation also reveals the variety of reasons why different Member States have different competition policies on the scope of the exception to the rule of convergence, and in this way provides lawyers, policymakers, and academics with welcome insights on how major EU jurisdictions apply European competition law.
The More Economic Approach to EU Antitrust Law
Author: Anne C Witt
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1509909230
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 379
Book Description
In the late 1990s, the European Commission embarked on a long process of introducing a 'more economic approach' to EU Antitrust law. One by one, it reviewed its approach to all three pillars of EU Antitrust Law, starting with Article 101 TFEU, moving on to EU merger control and concluding the process with Article 102 TFEU. Its aim was to make EU antitrust law more compatible with contemporary economic thinking. On the basis of an extensive empirical analysis of the Commission's main enforcement tools, this book establishes the changes that the more economic approach has made to the Commission's enforcement practice over the past fifteen years. It demonstrates that the more economic approach not only introduced modern economic assessment tools to the Commission's analyses, but fundamentally changed the Commission's interpretation of the law. Emulating one of the key credos of the US Antitrust Revolution thirty years earlier, the Commission reinterpreted the EU antitrust rules as aiming at the enhancement of economic consumer welfare only, and amended its understanding of key legal concepts accordingly. This book argues that the Commission's new understanding of the law has many benefits. Its key principles are logical, translate well into workable legal concepts and promise a great degree of accuracy. However, it also has a number of serious drawbacks as it stands. Most worryingly, its revised interpretation of the law is to large extents incompatible with the case law of the European Court of Justice, which has not been swayed by the exclusive consumer welfare aim. This situation is undesirable from the point of view of legal certainty and the rule of law.
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1509909230
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 379
Book Description
In the late 1990s, the European Commission embarked on a long process of introducing a 'more economic approach' to EU Antitrust law. One by one, it reviewed its approach to all three pillars of EU Antitrust Law, starting with Article 101 TFEU, moving on to EU merger control and concluding the process with Article 102 TFEU. Its aim was to make EU antitrust law more compatible with contemporary economic thinking. On the basis of an extensive empirical analysis of the Commission's main enforcement tools, this book establishes the changes that the more economic approach has made to the Commission's enforcement practice over the past fifteen years. It demonstrates that the more economic approach not only introduced modern economic assessment tools to the Commission's analyses, but fundamentally changed the Commission's interpretation of the law. Emulating one of the key credos of the US Antitrust Revolution thirty years earlier, the Commission reinterpreted the EU antitrust rules as aiming at the enhancement of economic consumer welfare only, and amended its understanding of key legal concepts accordingly. This book argues that the Commission's new understanding of the law has many benefits. Its key principles are logical, translate well into workable legal concepts and promise a great degree of accuracy. However, it also has a number of serious drawbacks as it stands. Most worryingly, its revised interpretation of the law is to large extents incompatible with the case law of the European Court of Justice, which has not been swayed by the exclusive consumer welfare aim. This situation is undesirable from the point of view of legal certainty and the rule of law.
The Interface between Competition and the Internal Market
Author: Vasiliki Brisimi
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1782254498
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 387
Book Description
This book explores the interface between competition law and market integration in the application of Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), focusing on the notion of 'market separation'-namely conduct that may hinder cross-border trade. The discussion reviews, among other things, the treatment of geographic price discrimination and exclusionary abuse, by which out-of-state competitors are affected. 'Market separation' cases are treated in the book as a case study for appraising the interface between competition and the Internal Market. On this basis, the book provides a comparative analysis of the Treaty requirements under Article 102 TFEU when applied in 'market separation' cases and the Treaty requirements under the free movement provisions. In addition, it utilises 'market separation' cases as a springboard for advancing an informed reformulation of the application of Article 102 TFEU when state action comes into play. All in all, the analysis presented in the book deconstructs the elements for establishing 'market separation' as an abuse of the dominant position. It shows that there is nothing that would justify a distinctive treatment of 'market separation' under Article 102 TFEU, other than a principled understanding of Internal Market law as a whole: whatever understanding one reaches about the proper shape of the Internal Market, interrogation of the proper application of competition law comes after that and thus should be informed by this understanding.
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1782254498
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 387
Book Description
This book explores the interface between competition law and market integration in the application of Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), focusing on the notion of 'market separation'-namely conduct that may hinder cross-border trade. The discussion reviews, among other things, the treatment of geographic price discrimination and exclusionary abuse, by which out-of-state competitors are affected. 'Market separation' cases are treated in the book as a case study for appraising the interface between competition and the Internal Market. On this basis, the book provides a comparative analysis of the Treaty requirements under Article 102 TFEU when applied in 'market separation' cases and the Treaty requirements under the free movement provisions. In addition, it utilises 'market separation' cases as a springboard for advancing an informed reformulation of the application of Article 102 TFEU when state action comes into play. All in all, the analysis presented in the book deconstructs the elements for establishing 'market separation' as an abuse of the dominant position. It shows that there is nothing that would justify a distinctive treatment of 'market separation' under Article 102 TFEU, other than a principled understanding of Internal Market law as a whole: whatever understanding one reaches about the proper shape of the Internal Market, interrogation of the proper application of competition law comes after that and thus should be informed by this understanding.
European Union Law
Author: Alina Kaczorowska-Ireland
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131720008X
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1276
Book Description
The fourth edition of this well established and highly regarded work on EU law maintains its character by combining comprehensive yet accessible coverage with in-depth analysis of the law and student-friendly pedagogy. It is fully up to date so encompassing critical examination of new important judgments of EU and national courts and developments in institutional, constitutional and substantive EU Law. The book keeps its unique style in that it is both a textbook and a casebook. Case summaries are highlighted in colour-tinted boxes for ease of reference, and are accompanied by key facts and critical analysis, often in the light of subsequent developments. The student-friendly approach is enhanced by market-driven pedagogical features, including: Concise outlines, at the beginning of each chapter describing its content and assisting in revision; An aide-mémoire, often presented in diagrammatic form, at the end of each chapter to highlight and reinforce key points; End of chapter recommended reading lists to encourage and facilitate further research; End of chapter problem and essay questions testing the students’ ability to apply what they have learnt; Cross-references to show how topics are interrelated; and A map identifying EU Member States, candidate States; and, potential candidate States. The book’s companion website offers a range of teaching and learning resources including an interactive timeline of the EU, useful web links, self-test questions and much more. This book is essential reading for those studying EU law on both undergraduate and postgraduate courses and will be of interest to students of political science, social science and business studies.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131720008X
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1276
Book Description
The fourth edition of this well established and highly regarded work on EU law maintains its character by combining comprehensive yet accessible coverage with in-depth analysis of the law and student-friendly pedagogy. It is fully up to date so encompassing critical examination of new important judgments of EU and national courts and developments in institutional, constitutional and substantive EU Law. The book keeps its unique style in that it is both a textbook and a casebook. Case summaries are highlighted in colour-tinted boxes for ease of reference, and are accompanied by key facts and critical analysis, often in the light of subsequent developments. The student-friendly approach is enhanced by market-driven pedagogical features, including: Concise outlines, at the beginning of each chapter describing its content and assisting in revision; An aide-mémoire, often presented in diagrammatic form, at the end of each chapter to highlight and reinforce key points; End of chapter recommended reading lists to encourage and facilitate further research; End of chapter problem and essay questions testing the students’ ability to apply what they have learnt; Cross-references to show how topics are interrelated; and A map identifying EU Member States, candidate States; and, potential candidate States. The book’s companion website offers a range of teaching and learning resources including an interactive timeline of the EU, useful web links, self-test questions and much more. This book is essential reading for those studying EU law on both undergraduate and postgraduate courses and will be of interest to students of political science, social science and business studies.
Challenges to Assumptions in Competition Law
Author: David Bosco
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1839109076
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 288
Book Description
This timely book addresses the contemporary complexities within competition law, questioning whether the founding principles of competition law still hold true today. It explores three main present-day challenges for competition law: the impact of the digital economy and innovative sectors, the challenges facing emerging countries, and current institutional issues.
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1839109076
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 288
Book Description
This timely book addresses the contemporary complexities within competition law, questioning whether the founding principles of competition law still hold true today. It explores three main present-day challenges for competition law: the impact of the digital economy and innovative sectors, the challenges facing emerging countries, and current institutional issues.