A New Property Regime in Kyrgyzstan; an Investigation Into the Links Between Land Reform, Food Security, and Economic Development PDF Download
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Author: Henri Adolf Lodewijk Dekker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Author: Henri Adolf Lodewijk Dekker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Author: Henri A.L. Dekker
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351770012
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
This title was first published in 2003. Many former communist republics strive to adopt a market economy in which the privatisation of landed property is a key element. Generally, it is expected that by doing so, economic development will take off, improving food security and decreasing rural poverty. The relationship between changing land regulations, economic development and poverty is complex and yet little understood. With land reform, governments in transitional economies expect to achieve economic growth and thus alleviation of rural poverty. Nowadays, there is ample research to prove that, to be effective, land policy reforms need to be complemented with institutional reforms, and rural development activities. It puts forward a model for rapid assessment of project progress in which macro-economic indicators are applied in a systematic way to give insight to concepts such as land tenure security and food security and to provide warning signals for less-desired developments as a result of project implementation.
Author: Henri A. L. Dekker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 127
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Author: Kosec, Katrina
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Does the establishment of private property rights to land improve child health and nutrition outcomes? We exploit a natural experiment in the Kyrgyz Republic following the collapse of socialism, whereby the government rapidly liquidated state and collective farms containing 75 percent of agricultural land and distributed it to individuals, providing 99-year transferrable use rights. We use household surveys collected before, during, and after the privatization reform and spatial variation in its timing to identify its health and nutrition impacts. We find that young children aged 0-5 exposed to land privatization for longer periods of time accumulated significantly greater gains in height and weight, both critical measures of long-term health and nutrition. Health improvements appear to be driven by increases in consumption of home-produced food—suggesting that increased private control over household production may translate into increased consumption and thus health dividends for young children.
Author: Peter C. Bloch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Author: Henri A. L. Dekker
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
A timely and clear overview of the historical and theoretical context of current land reform and tenure issues. Illustrated with global case studies, key sections explore land and rights to land, property, land tenure, and reform and land registration. The book summarises the main principles of land reform activities and practices and argues that the perception of land tenure security is the most critical factor of success to land reform.
Author: Aibek Baibagysh Uulu
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736932669
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Since gaining independence Kyrgyzstan has implemented drastic macro reforms to restructure its economy from the centrally planned type to the one oriented to market relations. Agricultural sector was always important for Kyrgyzstan’s economy and in transition agricultural reforms took the form of complete liberalization of the sector and privatization of the collective farms. New class of private farmers emerged but is faced with numerous constraints and problems to ensure stable agricultural food production and maintenance of the livelihood strategies in rural areas. The hope that as a result of the reforms the efficient markets would emerge did not materialize. Complete state withdrawal led to underinvestment in rural infrastructure and failing input and output markets. There is great risk that without public policies the rural economy of Kyrgyzstan would fall into a situation of persistent under development and poverty trap. One of many reasons for the absence of efforts to deal with problems of farmers in the post reform era has to do with lack of appropriate information on the effect of the reforms on the rural sector; lack of the knowledge on policy options and policy impacts on private farmers. This study attempts to fill this gap and contribute to formulating and optimizing the viable options of rural development strategies. It is argued that rethinking the role of the state in the post reform period is necessary for reorienting the public policies away from minimalist toward more activist approach, as the former is not deemed appropriate under the conditions of the transition economy. In this study, the village level approach is taken to study the behavior of the rural farm households in Kyrgyzstan. It is motivated by the distinctive features of the rural sector in Kyrgyzstan, namely: remoteness; the importance of the village/local economy and heterogeneity of rural households; the existence of the local linkages between village households. The study was based on unique survey data of rural farm households which was collected by author in a remote village on the South of Kyrgyzstan. The study found that village households take decision in non separable way, which in turn confirms the fact that in post reform period farmers are faced with imperfect markets. This highlights the importance of household non tradables in making production and consumption decisions of rural households. This study developed the village social accounting matrix which in quantitative way demonstrated the heterogeneity of rural households and numerous inter household linkages that exist in local economy. The distinctive feature of the village SAM used in this study is in incorporation of the local markets and accounting for non separability of rural households. The underdevelopment of the rural sector in Kyrgyzstan is argued to be very much related to the spatial dimension of the rural areas i.e. lack of access: to markets; technology; external inputs; capital and limited labor opportunities. Based on this, it is argued that appropriate rural strategies should involve as central element the easing geographical and access constraints. The study employed the village computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to study the potential effects of the rural policies. It is argued that in the presence of the local interactions between different farm households, the village CGE modeling approach yields consistent picture of the production and consumption behavior. The policy simulation runs showed the impact of policy measures on the levels of production, income, marketed sale and home consumption. The results seem to provide support to the policies that aim at improving access to credit, making financial resources available for increase of household capital stock and at improving access to better technologies, thus increasing the agricultural productivity of the households. These policies produced better outcome in terms of production and income growth, while equally benefiting all household groups. In large extent the findings highlight those factors that are more constraining and critical to village development (e.g. credit, capital and new technologies). At the same time, other studied policy instruments like reduction of transaction costs, external input price subsidies and expansion of labor opportunities are also highly relevant for the village development, but involve large trade offs in terms of marketed production and differential income gains for different household groups. It is believed that these findings would contribute to the efforts of identifying the key development pathways and sectoral investment priorities that help to launch the village economy and rural sector of Kyrgyzstan in the direction of sustainable development.
Author: Mohinder S. Mudahar
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821343265
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
Accelerating agricultural growth and alleviating rural poverty are clearly the main development challenges facing the policymakers in the Kyrgyz Republic. This report examines the current state of Kyrgyz agriculture and the status of agricultural policy reform program during its transition to a market economy. It outlines a rural development strategy that, if properly implemented, is designed to promote agricultural growth, alleviate rural poverty, and improve natural resource management. The strategy includes: deepening policy reforms; increasing public investment; promoting institutional development; and strengthening the information base.
Author: Kamiljon T. Akramov, Nurbek Omuraliev
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author: Judith Beyer
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN: 0822981548
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
Judith Beyer presents a finely textured ethnographic study that sheds new light on the legal and moral ordering of everyday life in northwestern Kyrgyzstan. Through her extensive fieldwork, Beyer captures the thoughts and voices of local people in two villages, Aral and Engels, and combines these with firsthand observations to create an original ethnography. Beyer shows how local Kyrgyz negotiate proper behavior and regulate disputes by invoking custom, known to the locals as salt. While salt is presented as age-old tradition, its invocation needs to be understood as a highly developed and flexible rhetorical strategy that people adapt to suit the political, legal, economic, and religious environments. Officially, codified state law should take precedence when it comes to dispute resolution, yet the unwritten laws of salt and the increasing importance of Islamic law provide the standards for ordering everyday life. As Beyer further reveals, interpretations of both Islamic and state law are also intrinsically linked to salt. By interweaving case studies on kinship, legal negotiations, festive events, mourning rituals, and political and business dealings, Beyer shows how salt is the binding element in rural Kyrgyz social life, used to explain and negotiate moral behavior and to postulate communal identity. In this way, salt provides a time-tested, sustainable source of authentication that defies changes in government and the tides of religious movements. Beyer's ground-level analysis provides a broad base of knowledge that will be valuable for students and researchers of contemporary Central Asia.
