A New Approach to the Measurement of the Small-Angle Elastic Scattering of Fast Neutrons PDF Download
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Author: William P. Bucher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Book Description
The measurement of the small-angle scattering of 5-15 MeV neutrons from low-A nuclei requires an experimental technique of high sensitivity. In order to determine the most suitable technique, various scattering geometries are studied and compared. The experimental approach found optimum involves the use of an unusual scattering geometry for which a four-fold collimator-detector array with fixed collimating channels has been especially designed and constructed. The principles of measurements in this geometry are developed and discussed in detail. From performance tests with the collimator-detector array, the acceptances of the collimating channels and the overall experimental sensitivity are determined. Preliminary measurements are presented of the 7.55 MeV elastic cross section of 0, Al, Fe, Sn, and Pb for neutron scattering in the angular range 2.5 to 15 degrees. (Author).
Author: William P. Bucher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Book Description
The measurement of the small-angle scattering of 5-15 MeV neutrons from low-A nuclei requires an experimental technique of high sensitivity. In order to determine the most suitable technique, various scattering geometries are studied and compared. The experimental approach found optimum involves the use of an unusual scattering geometry for which a four-fold collimator-detector array with fixed collimating channels has been especially designed and constructed. The principles of measurements in this geometry are developed and discussed in detail. From performance tests with the collimator-detector array, the acceptances of the collimating channels and the overall experimental sensitivity are determined. Preliminary measurements are presented of the 7.55 MeV elastic cross section of 0, Al, Fe, Sn, and Pb for neutron scattering in the angular range 2.5 to 15 degrees. (Author).
Author: William P. Bucher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
The calculation of neutron transport in air requires an accurate knowledge of the neutron cross sections for nitrogen and oxygen. Existing direct measurement of the total elastic cross section for nitrogen is in marked disagreement with the value deduced by taking the difference between the total cross section and the sum of all partial non-elastic cross sections. This discrepancy in the available data indicates an error in the total-elastic measurement of 30% or in the total non-elastic cross section of 50%. A technique to measure differential cross sections for the small-angle (3 degrees to 15 degrees) scattering of fast neutrons has been developed and applied to a study of the scattering of 7.55 and 9.5 MeV neutrons from N, O, and C. Preliminary analysis of measurements obtained thus far show that the forward angle elastic scattering in nitrogen (theta
Author: William P. Bucher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
The calculation of neutron transport in air requires an accurate knowledge of the neutron cross sections for nitrogen and oxygen. Existing direct measurements of the total elastic cross section for nitrogen in the energy range from 6 to 10 MeV are in marked disagreement with the value deduced by taking the difference between the total cross section and the sum of all partial non-elastic cross sections. This discrepancy in the data previously available indicates an error in the total elastic measurement of approximately 30 percent or a 50 percent error in the total non-elastic cross section. A technique to measure differential cross sections for the small-angle (2 degrees to 15 degrees) scattering of fast neutrons has been developed and applied to a study of the scattering of 7.55 and 9.50 MeV neutrons from C, N, and O. The results obtained for nitrogen at 7.55 MeV yield differential cross sections 20 percent to 40 percent higher (at forward angles) than would be inferred from previous measurements and shows that at least 25 percent of the missing cross section should be assigned to the total elastic cross section. (Author).
Author: A. B. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fast neutrons
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
Author: Redouane Borsali
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 140204464X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1490
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Book Description
This 2-volume set includes extensive discussions of scattering techniques (light, neutron and X-ray) and related fluctuation and grating techniques that are at the forefront of this field. Most of the scattering techniques are Fourier space techniques. Recent advances have seen the development of powerful direct imaging methods such as atomic force microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. In addition, techniques that can be used to manipulate soft matter on the nanometer scale are also in rapid development. These include the scanning probe microscopy technique mentioned above as well as optical and magnetic tweezers.
Author: G. L. Squires
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107644062
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
A long-awaited reprint of the book that has established itself as the classic textbook on neutron scattering. It will be an invaluable introductory text for students taking courses on neutron scattering, as well as for researchers and those who would like to deepen their knowledge on the subject through self-study.
Author: Henry Herman Barschall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fast neutrons
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: L.A. Feigin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475766246
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
Small-angle scattering of X rays and neutrons is a widely used diffraction method for studying the structure of matter. This method of elastic scattering is used in various branches of science and technology, includ ing condensed matter physics, molecular biology and biophysics, polymer science, and metallurgy. Many small-angle scattering studies are of value for pure science and practical applications. It is well known that the most general and informative method for investigating the spatial structure of matter is based on wave-diffraction phenomena. In diffraction experiments a primary beam of radiation influences a studied object, and the scattering pattern is analyzed. In principle, this analysis allows one to obtain information on the structure of a substance with a spatial resolution determined by the wavelength of the radiation. Diffraction methods are used for studying matter on all scales, from elementary particles to macro-objects. The use of X rays, neutrons, and electron beams, with wavelengths of about 1 A, permits the study of the condensed state of matter, solids and liquids, down to atomic resolution. Determination of the atomic structure of crystals, i.e., the arrangement of atoms in a unit cell, is an important example of this line of investigation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fast neutrons
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198862318
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
Neutron scattering is arguably the most powerful technique available for looking inside materials and seeing what the atoms are doing. This textbook provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the many different ways neutrons are being used to investigate the behaviour of atoms and molecules in bulk matter. It is written in a pedagogical style, and includes many examples and exercises. Every year, thousands of experiments are performed at neutron scattering facilities around the world, exploring phenomena in physics, chemistry, materials science, as well as in interdisciplinary areas such as biology, materials engineering, and cultural heritage. This book fulfils a need for a modern and pedagogical treatment of the principles behind the various different neutron techniques, in order to provide scientists with the essential formal tools to design their experiments and interpret the results. The book will be of particular interest to researchers using neutrons to study the atomic-scale structure and dynamics in crystalline solids, simple liquids and molecular fluids by diffraction techniques, including small-angle scattering and reflectometry, and by spectroscopic methods, ranging from conventional techniques for inelastic and quasielastic scattering to neutron spin-echo and Compton scattering. A comprehensive treatment of magnetic neutron scattering is given, including the many and diverse applications of polarized neutrons.
