Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
3rd Generation FLIR (3rd Gen) is defined as a dual band (MWIR and LWIR) thermal imager. It is targeted to be one of the principle sensor systems for the Army's Future Combat System (FCS), Stryker, and Airborne Reconnaissance System. In early 2005, the Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) created a large scale project to research and quantify the potential benefits of a 3rd Gen FLIR. This research was partitioned up into multiple individual studies, each of which is focused on a particular technical area, i.e., topic, to quantify its impact on the performance of a 3rd Gen FLIR. The set of topics include long range target identification (ID), aided target recognition (AiTR), apparent high temperature (T) sources of clutter, target and background contrasts and signatures, conventional and urban search and detection, advanced signal processing, cold weather, atmospheric turbulence, sensor integration time, camouflage, spectral signature differences, smoke, pilotage, wet targets, laser susceptibility, and path radiance. Whenever possible and appropriate, actual MWIR and LWIR imagery were used as inputs in the applicable physics (or psycho-physics) models. Even though every attempt was made to partition a research project of this size and scope into individual, independent components of an n-dimensional parameter space, it was obvious that there were varying degrees of dependence amongst and between these topics. In each of these studies, specific benefit of 3rd Gen FLIR was assessed from either the direct or indirect impact upon target discrimination task performance.
Author: Herbert Kaplan
Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN:
Category : Photography
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
Infrared energy radiated from the surface of natural and manufactured objects enables us to detect and identify objects and to examine their thermal behavior. Commercial applications of infrared sensing and imaging instruments are evolving as instrumentation and techniques mature. This second edition provides practical information needed for a variety of applications.
Author: J.M. Lloyd
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489911820
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 473
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Book Description
This book is intended to serve as an introduction to the technology of thermal imaging, and as a compendium of the conventions which form the basis of current FUR practice. Those topics in thermal imaging which are covered adequately elsewhere are not treated here, so there is no discussion of detectors, cryogenic coolers, circuit design, or video displays. Useful infor mation which is not readily available because of obscure publication is referenced as originating from personal communications. Virtually everyone with whom I have worked in the thermal imaging business has contributed to the book through the effects of conversations and ideas. I gratefully proffer blanket appreciation to all those who have helped in that way to make this book possible. The contributions of five people, however, bear special mention: Bob Sendall, Luke Biberman, Pete Laakmann, George Hopper, and Norm Stetson. They, more than any others, have positively influenced my thinking.
Author: Michael Vollmer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527407170
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 662
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Book Description
This richly illustrated hands-on guide is designed for researchers, teachers and practitioners. The huge selection of examples taken from science, basic teaching of physics, practical applications in industry and a variety of other disciplines spanning the range from medicine to volcano research allows readers to pick those that come closest to their own individual task at hand. Following a look at the fundamentals of IR thermal imaging, properties of the imaging systems, as well as basic and advanced methods, the book goes on to discuss IR imaging applications in teaching, research and industry. Specific examples include thermography of buildings, microsystems and the rather new field of IR imaging of gases. Impartially written by expert authors in the field from a renowned applied science institution, who are in the unique position of having both experience in public and private research and in teaching, this comprehensive book can be used for teaching beginners in the field as well as providing further education to specialized staff, students and researchers.
Author: Thomas Williams
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420071866
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
The ability to see through smoke and mist and the ability to use the variances in temperature to differentiate between targets and their backgrounds are invaluable in military applications and have become major motivators for the further development of thermal imagers. As the potential of thermal imaging is more clearly understood and the cost decr
Author: Waldemar Minkina
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470747188
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
In Infrared Thermography, the authors discuss the sources of uncertainty, including how to quantify these sources, associated with the use of thermal imagers. This book explains the common misunderstandings in the interpretation of temperature measurements, and provides a metrological evaluation of commercially available infrared cameras. It suggests how to best estimate the accuracy of thermal imaging instruments, whilst considering the level of accuracy attributed to measurements from these thermal imagers. Key features: Begins with an introduction to uncertainties and radiance terms before moving onto the issues surrounding thermal imaging. Deals with the basic issues of thermal imager measurements such as the law of heat exchange by radiation and emissivity. Describes a typical processing algorithm of the measurement path for an example infrared camera. Discusses measurement error analysis of a thermal imaging system. Considers the results of simulation research of thermography uncertainty. Includes an accompanying website which hosts MATLAB® code. Infrared Thermography is primarily aimed at quantitative thermographers, and manufacturers, vendors and users of thermal imagers. This book is also of interest to senior undergraduate and postgraduate students across a range of disciplines such as electrical, mechanical and civil engineering, computer science, and biomedicine.
Author: Antonio Rafael Ordóñez Müller
Publisher: kassel university press GmbH
ISBN: 3737606242
Category : Temperature measuring instruments
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Infrared thermography enables the non-contact measurement of an object’s surface temperature and presents the results in form of thermal images. The analysis of these images provides valuable information about an object’s thermal state. However, the fidelity of the thermal images strongly depends on the pose of the thermographic camera with respect to the surface. 3D thermography offers the possibility to overcome this and other limitations that affect conventional 2D thermography but most 3D thermographic systems developed so far generate 3D thermograms from a single perspective or from few noncontiguous points of view and do not operate in real time. As a result, the 3D thermograms they generate do not offer much advantage over conventional thermal images. However, recent technological advances have unlocked the possibility of implementing affordable handheld 3D thermal imaging systems that can be easily maneuvered around an object and that can generate high-fidelity 3D thermograms in real time. This thesis explores various aspects involved in the real-time generation of high-fidelity 3D thermograms at close range using a handheld 3D thermal imaging system, presents the results of scanning an operating industrial furnace and discusses the problems associated with the generation of 3D thermograms of large objects with complex geometries.
Author: Yew S. Quek
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423521815
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 109
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Book Description
In this study, the use of multi narrow-band filters was explored to correlate or fuse information to improve detection and recognition for specific targets of interest. To fully understand the viability and limitations of narrow band filters in thermal imaging, laboratory test procedures were first designed to characterize thermal images using common performance parameters, particularly the Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference (NETD), the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and the Minimum Resolvable Temperature (MRT). An available thermal imager, the Cincinnati Electronics IRRIS-256LN, and a newly purchased thermal imager, the Indigo Systems Merlin InSb Laboratory Camera, were investigated and compared. The MRT measurement showed a superior cut-off spatial frequency of 1.33 cycle/mrad for the Merlin camera, compared with 1.18 cycle/ mrad for the Cincinnati, with similar sensitivity of about 0.1 C for both cameras. Below cut-off the Modulation Transfer for the Merlin was approximately twice that of the Cincinnati. NETD measurements for both systems were inhibited by excess noise in the measurement system. The Merlin camera was consequently employed for further research on narrow band images. Three commercially available narrow band filters, 4110/4720 nm, 4540/4720 nm and 3750/4020 nm, were selected to isolate the "red" and "blue" spike signatures of plume emission and aerodynamic heating found in the signature of fast moving air targets. Similar sensor characterization was carried out with these filters, however, quantitative performance parameter measurements were hindered by excessive measurement system noise. As a preliminary study in multi-spectral image analysis, spectral features of hydrocarbon combustion were extracted from correlated narrow-band images of a laboratory propane flame.
Author: Helmut Budzier
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470976756
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
The problems involved in designing optimal infrared (IR) measuring systems under given conditions are commensurately complex. The optical set-up and radiation conditions, the interaction between sensor and irradiation and the sensor itself, determine the operation of the sensor system. Simple calculations for solving these problems without any understanding of the causal relationships are not possible. Thermal Infrared Sensors offers a concise explanation of the basic physical and photometric fundamentals needed for the consideration of these interactions. It depicts the basics of thermal IR sensor systems and explains the manifold causal relationships between the most important effects and influences, describing the relationships between sensor parameters such as thermal and special resolution, and application conditions. This book covers: various types of thermal sensors, like thermoelectric sensor, pyroelectric sensors, microbolometers, micro-Golay cells and bimorphous sensors; basic applications for thermal sensors; noise - a limiting factor for thermal resolution and detectivity - including an outline of the mathematics and noise sources in thermal infrared sensors; the properties of IR sensor systems in conjunction with the measurement environment and application conditions; 60 examples showing calculations of real problems with real numbers, as they occur in many practical applications. This is an essential reference for practicing design and optical engineers and users of infrared sensors and infrared cameras. With this book they will be able to transform the demonstrated solutions to their own problems, find ways to match their commercial IR sensors and cameras to their measurement conditions, and to tailor and optimise sensors and set-ups to particular IR measurement problems. The basic knowledge outlined in this book will give advanced undergraduate and graduate students a thorough grounding in this technology.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Imaging systems
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
